In:Cultural Linguistics: Cultural conceptualisations and language
Farzad Sharifian †
[Cognitive Linguistic Studies in Cultural Contexts 8] 2017
► pp. 165–171
Index
Published online: 13 November 2017
https://doi.org/10.1075/clscc.8.index
https://doi.org/10.1075/clscc.8.index
A
- Abelson, R.11
- Aboriginal
- Creole85
- English 7, 18–23, 34, 43, 67–71, 76, 77, 85–88, 93, 96–100, 136, 149
- worldview 13, 16, 19, 21, 22, 77, 86, 96, 98, 99
- Abu Ali Sina see Avicenna
- adaptive system see Complex Adaptive System
- Ahmadi, F. 36, 73, 75
- Ahmadi, N. 36, 73, 75
- Ahn, H. 139, 144, 145
- Allan, K. 92, 139
- Alsagoff, L.106
- Altarriba, J.130
- Alvanoudi, A. 138, 141, 142
- American English 8, 14, 103, 136, 140
- analytical framework (Cultural Linguistics) 2, 3, 7–9, 11–23, 64
- Anderson, E. N. 37, 56
- Anglo-English 47–49, 140, 147, 148
- Ansah, G. N. 42, 79, 80, 90, 139
- anthropological linguistics 1, 113
- anthropology see cognitive anthropology, linguistic anthropology
- Applied Ethnolinguistics146
- Arabana 16, 17
- Armstrong, N. 128, 129
- Arthur, J. 20, 96, 99
- Asdjodi, M.39
- Association-Interpretation 42, 43
- Athanasiadou, A. 138, 141
- Atkinson, D. 2, 135, 136
- Australian English 7, 16, 19, 34, 69–71, 92, 93, 99, 136, 149
- Aviation English82
- Avicenna 37, 38
B
- Babai, H.53
- Bagasheva, A. 138, 143
- Bagheri, M. 49, 73, 149
- Baranyiné Koczy, J. 6, 138, 143
- Barrett, L. F.63
- Barsalou, L. W.15
- Bartlett, F. C.11
- Bartmiński, J.144
- Beeman, W. O. 39, 66
- belief systems see cultural beliefs, popular beliefs, religious beliefs, spiritual beliefs
- Benczes, R. 92, 139
- Bernárdez, E. 116, 132, 139, 145
- Blench, R. 87, 88
- blended concepts see culturally blended concepts
- Boas, F. 1, 111–113, 123
- Bobrow, D. G.11
- bodily context144
- Boynton, R. M.8
- Brindle, J.8
- British English 67, 90, 91, 103, 140
- Brown, P. 116, 131
- Brutt-Griffler, J.102
- Buddhist (Taiwan)76
- Bulgarian143
- Burridge, K. 92, 139
- Byram, M.104
C
- Cameroon English89
- Canagarajah, S.104
- Canale, M.103
- Capone, A.52
- CAS see complex adaptive system
- categories see colour categories, conceptual categories, cultural categories, emotion categories, event categories
- categorisation 8, 14–17, 38, 43, 63, 64, 116, 130 ; see also cognitive categorisation, conceptual categorisation, cultural categories
- Chalmers, D.3
- Charlesworth, M. 19, 99
- Chinese
14, 18, 34, 124, 140, 141
see also Sino-centric worldview
- appropriation of English words105
- English 90, 91
- Christian worldview76
- Christianity 9, 12, 76, 78
- Chun, D. M.108
- Cienki, A.26
- Clark, A.3
- classic cognitivism9
- classifiers 15, 16
- CMC see computer-mediated communication
- CMT (Conceptual Metaphor Theory) see conceptual metaphor
- cognition 2–6, 9–11, 25, 60, 61, 100, 118–121, 130–132, 142, 146, 147 ; see also collective cultural cognition, cultural cognition, distributed cognition, embodied cognition, enactive cognition, heterogeneously distributed cognition, socially distributed cognition, spatial cognition
- cognition-in-practice 134, 135
- cognitive
see also socio-cognitive approach, conceptual-cognitive context
- anthropology134
- categorisation130
- development15
- linguistics130
- processes 43, 119, 122
- processing
18, 23, 118, 130
- continuum of cultural metaphors 21, 22
- psychology 2, 11, 61, 114, 130
- schemas11
- science(s) 3, 5, 9, 11, 25
- cognitivism see classic cognitivism
- Cole, M.11
- Collard, G. 13, 14, 43, 99, 119
- colour
- categories131
- categorisation8
- conceptualisation7
- language 130, 131
- metaphors8
- communicative competence103
- comparative semantics123
- Complex Adaptive System (CAS) 4, 5, 10
- complexity science 2, 3, 120
- computer-mediated communication (CMC)108
- conceptual
- analysis
see also diachronic/synchronic conceptual analysis, ethnographic-conceptual text/visual analysis, metadiscourse analysis
- of story recounts 13, 14, 43–45
- categories 7, 130
- categorisation130
- distribution 120, 121
- explication 106, 107
- mapping 17, 18, 34, 116
- metaphor 11, 18, 19, 25, 26, 89, 132, 149
- metonymy11
- model89
- negotiation strategies 106, 107
- network41
- primes133
- variation awareness 101, 105, 107
- analysis
see also diachronic/synchronic conceptual analysis, ethnographic-conceptual text/visual analysis, metadiscourse analysis
- conceptual-associative analysis 42, 43 ; see also word association
- conceptual-cognitive context144
- Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) see conceptual metaphor
- conceptualisation(s), passim
- Confucian (idea, values) 140, 145
- Conklin, H. C.8
- context
1, 41, 51, 125, 126, 130, 134, 135
see also bodily context, conceptual-cognitive context, cultural context, discourse context, prior context, situational context, socio-cultural context
- schemas12
- contrastive rhetoric135
- Cook, G.12
- Coperías Aguilar, M. J.103
- corpus-based analysis 47, 67
- correspondence theory of meaning127
- Cowley, S. J.3
- creative cultural metaphors21
- Creese, A.41
- Crocker, J.11
- cross-cultural mapping 22, 23
- cross-domain conceptualisation 7, 11, 18, 21–23, 63–65 ; see also cultural metaphor
- Crystal, D. 101, 102
- Csordas, T. J.26
- Cuenca, M. J.81
- cultural
- beliefs 21, 90, 98
- categories
7–9, 14–17, 63, 95, 141, 147
see also colour categories, conceptual categories, emotion categories, event categories, reconceptualisation
- in Aboriginal English 7, 87, 96, 149
- in American English92
- in Arabana 16, 17
- in Australian English 92, 93
- in Chinese140
- in Chinese English90
- in Ghanaian cultural settings88
- in Greek141
- in Murrinh-Patha16
- in Shüpamem 145, 146
- in Singaporean English88
- categorisation 15–17
- cognition 3–5, 10, 60, 61, 100, 118–121, 142, 146, 147
- conceptualisation(s), passim
see also cultural categories, cultural metaphors, cultural schemas
- in Aboriginal English 19, 67, 99, 136
- in Bulgarian143
- in English and in Serbian140
- in Greek141
- in Japanese and in Anglo-English 147, 148
- in Persian 38, 149
- context 125, 130
- embodiment132
- grounding see socio-cultural grounding
- identity134
- key words124
- linguistics see Cultural Linguistics
- metaphors
7, 8, 17–23, 25–39, 63, 80, 95
see also colour metaphors, creative cultural metaphors, embodied cultural metaphors, space-time metaphors, worldview metaphors
- in Aboriginal English 7, 19–23, 34, 67–69, 87
- in Anglo-English140
- in Australian English 92, 149
- in British and West African varieties of English90
- in Cameroon English89
- in Chinese 140, 141
- in Chinese English90
- in English8
- in Hungarian143
- in Indian English91
- in Korean145
- in Māori English92
- in Persian 28–35, 65
- in Portuguese, in Spanish and in Irish English81
- in Sufism 73–75
- in Taiwanese Buddhist and Christian eulogistic idioms76
- in World Englishes 89–92
- metonymy11
- mindset (Underhill)144
- model(s) 26, 89, 144
- norms 124, 125, 133
- schemas
7, 8, 11–15, 21, 43, 51–63, 90, 95, 120, 134, 147
see also event schemas, image schemas, pragmatic schemas, role schemas
- in Aboriginal English 7, 12–14, 43–45, 86, 87, 96–99, 119, 120
- in American English 14, 92
- in Australian English 44, 92, 99, 119
- in Chinese 14, 140
- in Chinese English 90, 140, 141
- in Danish and in English47
- in Ghanaian cultural settings 80, 87, 88
- in Greek 141, 142
- in Hungarian143
- in Indian English91
- in Korean144
- in Kuuk Thaayorre17
- in Managalase142
- in Māori English92
- in Persian 14, 30, 32, 33, 46, 66
- in Polish67
- in Sufism75
- in Taiwanese Buddhist and Christian eulogistic idioms76
- in Vietnamese and in Anglo-English 48, 49
- in Western political discourse79
- in World Englishes 86–88
- scripts133
- semantics123
- semiotics128
- values 124, 144, 146
- Cultural Linguistics, passim
- vs. cultural linguistics 2, 123, 146
- culturally blended concepts130
- Cummings, P. J.89
D
- D’Andrade, R. G.11
- De Bellaigue, C.66
- Dedrick, D. 130, 131
- Degani, M. 92, 139, 148, 149
- Delvecchio Good, M.-J.66
- Derry, S. J.11
- Dewaele, J.-M.133
- Di Paolo, E. A.3
- diachronic/synchronic conceptual analysis49
- digital natives102
- Dinh, T. N. 47–49, 63, 139
- Dirven, R. 42, 63
- discourse
see also humorous discourse, political discourse, religious discourse
- analysis 45, 46, 100, 140, 141 ; see also metadiscourse analysis, political discourse analysis
- competence104
- context144
- of spirituality 76, 77
- distributed cognition 2, 5, 9, 120
- Duranti, A. 1, 2
- Dzansi, M. P.87
E
- Eades, D.88
- Eglin, P.127
- Ekman, P.63
- elimination (in World Englishes)86
- Elkin, A. P.20
- Elorza, I.108
- ELT see English Language Teaching
- Emanatian, M.26
- embodied
- cognition25
- cultural metaphors 18, 25–39
- knowledge63
- embodiment 25, 132
- emergent properties 4, 134
- emic 21, 22, 43, 124
- emotion
- categories63
- in English and in Vietnamese63
- in Persian 28–32, 34–36, 64–66
- metaphors 63, 68
- research 63–71, 133, 143
- schemas
12, 13, 63
- in Australian Aboriginal communities13
- in British English and Polish67
- in Persian66
- categories63
- emotional language133
- enactive cognition3
- English
7, 8, 15, 25, 27–29, 32, 33, 42, 47, 56, 63–65, 69, 71, 79, 116, 125, 136, 140, 143
see also Aboriginal English, American English, Anglo-English, Australian English, Aviation English, British English, Cameroon English, Chinese English, Ghanaian English, Hong Kong English, Indian English, Māori English, Military English, New Zealand English, Singaporean English, West African English, World Englishes
- as a Lingua Franca (ELF)82
- as an International Language (EIL)82 see also Teaching English as an International Language
- Language Teaching (ELT) 47, 103, 107, 109, 139
- Eslami Rasekh, Z.59
- essentialisation 95
- ethnographic-conceptual text/visual analysis 47–49
- ethnographic semantics124
- ethnography
41, 42, 45, 113, 132
see also linguistic ethnography
- of speaking 1, 42, 45
- ethnolinguistics2 see also applied ethnolinguistics, Polish ethnolinguistics
- ethnopragmatics124
- ethnosemantics 123, 124
- ethnosyntax 124, 146
- event
- categories9
- in Aboriginal English69
- in Chinese English90
- in Vietnamese and in Anglo-English 47, 48
- schemas
9, 12
- in Chinese English90
- in Portuguese, in Spanish and in Irish English81
- in Western-Christian cultural settings12
- categories9
- Everett, C.122
- evidentiality145
- extension
see also category extension
- in World Englishes86
F
- fact-and-concept schemas12
- Fernández-Dols, J.-M.63
- Feyaerts, K.22
- Fiedler, A.90
- Foley, W. A. 2
- folk medicine 7, 18, 26, 38
- foreign language learning and teaching135
- Foster, G. M.37
- Frank, R. M. 3–5, 9, 10, 118, 120, 123, 139, 146, 147
- Frey, S. 91, 139
- Frijda, N. H.63
G
- Gaby, A. 17, 138
- Gapenne, O. 3
- Geertz, C.42
- Gegeo, D. W.69
- gender 125, 126, 134, 141–143
- geononymy145
- Ghanaian
- English 87, 88
- languages 79, 80
- worldview79
- Gibbs, R. W.26
- Gladkova, A.124
- Głaz, A. 138, 144
- global localisation85
- globalisation 8, 91, 100, 101, 103, 105, 108, 135, 137, 147, 149
- glocalisation 85, 102
- Glushko, R. J.15
- Goddard, C. 124, 146
- Good, B. J.66
- Graddol, D. 101, 102
- Greek141
- GRID methodology67
H
- Haebich, A.70
- Harrison, M. 19, 20
- Heine, S. J.43
- Hercus, L. A.16
- heterogeneously distributed cognition 3, 61, 81, 120, 143
- Hinduism49
- Hinton, G. E.11
- Holland, D. 11, 69
- Holland, J. H.4
- Holliday, A.100
- Holmes, K. J. 111, 114, 121, 122
- Hong Kong English89
- Honna, N.89
- Hopi worldview 115–117
- Houghton, S. A.108
- House, J.105
- Hu, G.106
- Humboldt, W. 1, 112
- humorous discourse140
- humours see theory of the four humours
- Hungarian143
- Hutchins, E. 3
- Hyde, M.100
- Hymes, D.103
I
- idea units43
- identity129
- image schemas
12, 13
- in Chinese141
- in Hungarian143
- in Persian 27, 33, 35, 141
- in Portuguese, in Spanish and in Irish English81
- in Western thought patterns 12, 13
- Indian English91
- indigenisation 85, 86
- Interactional Sociolinguistics 133, 134
- intercultural
see also online intercultural exchange
- communication 2, 82, 95–101, 103–105, 107, 109, 137, 145
- communicative competence (ICC)104
- competence 104, 108
- miscommunication 56, 71, 82
- pragmatics2
- interspecies communication 146, 147
- Iranian Traditional Medicine (ITM) 36–38
J
- Jamarani, M. 38, 39, 53, 56
- Japanese 8, 147, 148
- Jensen, K. E. 11, 25, 47, 139
- Jensen de López, K.25
- Johnson, M. 18, 25
K
- Kagan, J.38
- Kecskes, I. 51, 52, 100, 126
- Kimber, R. 19, 99
- kinship 16, 17, 88, 89, 127, 145, 146
- Kirkpatrick, A. 85, 102, 137
- Kitayama, S.63
- Kitzinger, C.127
- Kövecses, Z. 26, 138, 144
- Konigsberg, P. 14, 43, 119
- Korean 144, 145
- Kramsch, C. 100, 105, 135
- Kronenfeld, D. B.127
- Kullman, J.100
- Kuriki, L.8
- Kuuk Thaayorre17
L
- Lai, P. F. 132, 133
- Lakoff, G. 17, 18, 25
- languaculture see linguaculture
- language
- acquisition132
- processing130
- schemas12
- Language and Social Interaction127
- LE see linguistic ethnography
- Le, V. K.63
- Leavitt, J. 111–113, 119, 123, 124
- Lee, P. 111, 115, 118
- Leeds-Hurwitz, W.127
- Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk, B. 67, 138
- linguaculture125
- linguistic
- anthropology 1, 127, 132, 134
- competence 103, 104
- determinism 114, 115, 121
- ethnography (LE)41
- prehistory research129
- relativity 111–122
- Loumngam Kamga, V.139
- Lowie, R.136
- Lu, W.76
- Lu, Y. 140, 141
- Lucy, J. A.119
M
- Maalej, Z.26
- Maglio, P. P.15
- Malcolm, I. G. 7, 14, 19, 43, 85, 86, 119, 136, 139
- Managalase142
- Manderson, L.38
- Manstead, A. S. R.63
- Māori
- English 92, 93
- worldview92
- Mareschal, D.14
- Markus, H. R.63
- Marra, M. 133–135
- Matlock, T.15
- Matsuda, A.106
- McClelland, J. L.11
- Mcconvell, P.129
- Mckay, S. L.106
- Mckellin, W. H.142
- Mellor, D.70
- Mesquita, B.63
- Messer, E.38
- meta-cultural competence 49, 82, 101, 105–109
- metadiscourse analysis 45, 46
- metaphor see colour metaphors, creative cultural metaphors, cultural metaphors, embodied cultural metaphors, space-time metaphors, worldview metaphors
- metaphorical thinking144
- metonymy see cultural metonymy
- Mey, J. L. 51, 62
- Milani, M.36
- Military English82
- Mills, S. 2, 126, 127
- Minsky, M.11
- miscommunication see intercultural miscommunication
- Mithraism36
- modification (in World Englishes)86
- Morewedge, P.38
- multidialectal competence105
- Murrinh-Patha 15, 16, 117
- Musolff, A. 18, 26, 80, 138
- mythological thinking144
N
- native
- competence 103, 104
- speaker 101–104, 129
- nativisation 85, 86, 102
- negotiation strategies see conceptual negotiation strategies
- New Zealand English92
- Niemeier, S. 42, 63
- Nishida, H.12
- Norman, D. A.11
- Nūrbakhsh, J. 73–75
O
- O’Dowd, R.108
- O’Shea, M.36
- Occhi, D. J. 63, 139, 147
- Oliver, P.148
- online intercultural exchange108
P
- Palmer, G. B. 2, 26, 63, 117
- Pasfield-Neofitou, S. 102, 108
- Paulsen, G.8
- Peeters, B. 2, 139, 146
- Persian 14, 27–36, 38, 46, 52–61, 64–66, 141, 149
- person schemas12
- Polish67
- ethnolinguistics144
- political
- discourse
79–83
- analysis2
- relationships between nations148
- discourse
79–83
- politeness research 45, 46, 61, 80, 91, 126
- Polzenhagen, F. 14, 85, 89, 91, 95, 130, 139
- popular beliefs140
- Powell, D.14
- practs 51, 52, 54–60, 62
- Pragmatic Act Theory 51, 62
- pragmatic
- schemas
51, 52
- in Persian 52–61
- set54
- schemas
51, 52
- pragmatics 51–62 ; see also ethnopragmatics, intercultural pragmatics
- pragmemes 51, 52, 54, 55, 57, 60, 62
- prior context126
- procedure schemas12
- Prodanović-Stankić, D. 138–140
- proposition schemas
13, 69
- in Aboriginal English69
- in Australian Aboriginal communities13
- in Chinese English 90, 91
- in Portuguese, in Spanish and in Irish English81
- in Sufism75
- prototype theory130
Q
- Quinn, N. 11, 26, 69
R
- Randall, B.19
- reconceptualisation
8, 9
- in Aboriginal English99
- in Australian Aboriginal communities78
- in Australian English92
- in Ghanaian languages 79, 80
- in Indian English 91
- Rehbein, J.105
- relativity see linguistic relativity
- religion 73–78, 89
- religious
- beliefs 9, 99, 129
- discourse144
- Renandya, W. A.106
- retention (in World Englishes)86
- Risager, K. 108–125
- Robinson, C. J.130
- Rochecouste, J. 43, 85, 119
- role schemas12
- in Australian Aboriginal communities12
- in Hungarian143
- Romano, M.81
- Ross, M.43
- Rumelhart, D. E.11
- Rumi 36, 74, 75
- Rumsey, A.86
- Russell, J. A.63
S
- Sacred Sites 68, 76, 77
- Samimy, K. K.102
- Sapir, E. 1, 111–115, 120, 124
- Sapir-Whorf hypothesis 111, 112, 119, 128
- Schank, R. C.11
- Schecter, S. R.129
- Scherer, K. R.63
- schemas see context schemas, cultural schemas, emotion schemas, event schemas, fact-and-concept schemas, image schemas, language schemas, person schemas, pragmatic schemas, procedure schemas, role schemas, self schemas, strategy schemas, text schemas, world schemas
- schematisation 43, 63, 64
- second
- dialect learning136
- language writing 135, 136
- self schemas12
- semiotics of culture128
- Serbian140
- Sharifian, F. 2, 3, 5, 6, 11, 13, 14, 25, 36, 38, 39, 42, 43, 45, 46, 49–53, 56, 61, 63, 67–69, 73, 79, 82, 85, 90–93, 95, 106, 119, 120, 123, 124, 139, 146, 148, 149
- Shüpamem 145, 146
- Singaporean English88
- Sinha, C. 25, 116, 132
- Sino-centric worldview140
- situational context 51, 126, 144
- Slobin, D. 112, 128
- Smolensky, P.11
- Soares da Silva, A.81
- social
- constructionism134
- constructivism1
- socially distributed cognition10
- socio-cognitive approach126
- socio-cultural
- context41
- grounding 41, 100
- sociolinguistic competence104
- sociolinguistics see Interactional Sociolinguistics
- space-time metaphors 116, 132
- spatial cognition131
- speech acts
14, 51, 52, 54, 60, 62
- in Australian Aboriginal communities69
- in Chinese14
- in Persian 14, 52–60
- spiritual beliefs 7, 28, 36
- spirituality 67, 76, 89, 149
- stereotypes 125, 135, 140, 148
- Sterponi, L. 132, 133
- Stewart, J. R.3
- strategy schemas12
- Strauss, C. 11, 134
- Street, C.15
- subcategory see cultural categories
- subschema see cultural schemas
- Sufi worldview 28, 36
- Sufism 36–38, 73–75
- Sugimori, S.43
- Sutton, J.3
- Swain, M.103
- symbolic competence105
T
- Talla Makoudjou, L.139
- Tanaka, L. 125, 126
- Tayebi, T. 45, 46, 61, 120, 139
- Taylor, S. E.11
- Teaching English as an International Language (TEIL) 2, 101–109
- TEIL see Teaching English as an International Language
- teknonymy145
- telecollaboration108
- text schemas12
- text-visual analysis see ethnographic-conceptual text-visual analysis
- theoretical framework (Cultural Linguistics) 2–6, 10
- theory of the four humours 36–38
- thick description42
- thinking-for-speaking hypothesis 112, 128
- time-space metaphors see space-time metaphors
- Torop, P.128
- translation128
- Truscott, A. 14, 43
- Turner, M.18
U
- Uchikawa, K.8
- Underhill, J. W. 2, 144
- Uusküla, M.8
V
- Vallée-Tourangeau, F.3
- values see cultural values
- Vellinga, M.148
- Vietnamese 47–49, 63
- Volein, A.14
- Vygotsky, L. S.4
W
- wa Thiong’o, N.5
- Waldrop, M. M.4
- Wallace, N. 19, 99
- Watson-Gegeo, K. A.69
- Wellenkamp, J. C.63
- Welsch, W.100
- West African English90 see also Cameroon English, Ghanaian English
- Whorf, B. L. 1, 111, 112, 115–117, 124, 131
- Wierzbicka, A. 63, 124, 133, 146
- Wilson, A. E.43
- Wilson, P. A. 67, 138
- Wilson, R. A.3
- Wolf, H.-G. 82, 85, 89, 95, 123, 139
- Wolff, P. 111, 114, 121, 122
- Wong, J. 52, 88
- word association 42, 49, 93 ; see also conceptual-associative analysis
- World Englishes 2, 85–93, 137
- world schemas12
- worldview 21, 73, 85, 96, 112, 116–120, 130, 132 ; see also Aboriginal worldview, Christian worldview, Ghanaian worldview, Hopi worldview, Māori worldview, Murrinh-Patha worldview, Sino-centric worldview, Sufi worldview
- worldview metaphors 22, 23
X
- Xia, X. 14, 130
- Xu, Z. 90, 107, 139
Y
- Ye, Z.124
- Yu, N. 18, 25, 26, 34, 42, 63, 123, 138, 140
- Yükleyen, A.78
Z
- Zoroastrianism49
