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Article published In: Chinese Language and Discourse
Vol. 8:1 (2017) ► pp.1–17

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Relative clauses in English-Mandarin bilingual children

Language transfer and development in Singapore

 | Singapore Centre for Chinese Language, Nanyang Technological University
 | University of Hong Kong
Published online: 21 September 2017
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https://doi.org/10.1075/cld.8.1.01yan
Abstract
The role of cross-linguistic influence in bilingual children’s development remains a matter of debate. Some researchers have proposed that simultaneous bilingual learners develop the linguistic systems of two languages in the same way as matched monolingual children do. Other researchers have argued that bilingual children show different developmental pathways. This study investigates cross-linguistic influence in the acquisition of relative clauses by English-Mandarin bilingual children in Singapore. The elicitation task included narration and interview tasks. Thirty-six primary school students aged 6 to 11 years completed the task in both English and Mandarin. The results reveal that the number of relative clauses increased with age in both languages. Participants had a preference for subject relatives over object relatives. The most frequent error type in Mandarin involves postnominal relative clauses, which have not been reported in monolingual children in the literature and thus can be treated as evidence of transfer from English. The findings of this study provide evidence for cross-linguistic influence in bilingual children’s speech.
Article outline
  • Introduction
  • Literature review
    • Typological features of relative causes in English, Chinese and Singapore Colloquial English (SCE)
    • Acquisition of relative clauses in monolingual children
  • Method
    • Participants
    • Instruments and tools
    • Data analysis
  • Results
    • Language background information
    • Total number of relative clauses in English and Mandarin
    • Postnominal RCs in Mandarin
    • Prenominal relative clauses in English
    • Headless relatives in Mandarin
    • Omission and non-standard use of relativizers in SCE
    • Summary of results
  • Discussion and conclusion
  • References
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Kong, Ming Sum, Mary Carr & Sin Wang Chong
2023. Cross-Linguistic Influence in Hong Kong ESL Learners’ Acquisition of Conjunctions. Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 16:4 ► pp. 515 ff. DOI logo
Du, Hui-Ming Lois, Chun-Yin Doris Chen & Fang-Yen Hsieh
2022. Factors affecting English-speaking learners’ acquisition of Chinese relative clauses with demonstrative classifier phrases. Chinese as a Second Language Research 11:1 ► pp. 1 ff. DOI logo
NEL, Norma Margaret & Soezin KROG
2021. Factors Influencing the Acquisition of Mandarin Chinese as a Second Additional Language Focusing on Phonetics. Participatory Educational Research 8:1 ► pp. 1 ff. DOI logo

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