中韩网络仇恨言论比较

基于大规模语料库 (共3.2万句，86万词规模)，本文系统比较了中韩网络仇恨言论在性别、种族/国籍、地域三个维度的语言特征。同时，不仅描述语言现象，更深入分析其作为社会行为的语言策略与功能，揭示了两国仇恨言论背后的社会文化差异及动因。研究发现，韩国的性别仇恨言论更直接，包含针对身体特征的表演性暴力、基于派生构词法的语域化(Enregisterment)，用以激化性别对立；中国则更依赖高阶指示性(Higher-order indexicality)，通过隐喻或谐音间接构建性别议题。种族相关表达方面，两国的立场表达(Stance-taking)策略有所不同。韩国主要针对国内移民和外籍群体，反映内部社会紧张；中国则关注国外情景，强调集体认同。地域相关表达方面，韩国侧重于地方对立和首都中心主义；中国则受经济差距、民族多样性和社会认知差异的影响，呈现更复杂的表达模式。结论指出，网络仇恨言论并非单一现象，而是由特定语言意识形态与媒介环境共同塑造的，是反应文化特殊性的复杂言语行为。本文结合基于统计检验的关键词分析及其上下文(KWIC)考察，从定量和定性视角探讨中韩网络负面言论的语言特征及表达机制，为跨文化仇恨言论研究提供重要参考。

Based on a large-scale corpus of over 32,000 sentences (860,000 tokens), this study compares the linguistic features of online hate speech in China and South Korea across the dimensions of gender, race/nationality, and region. In addition to describing linguistic phenomena, this study investigates the linguistic strategies and social functions of hate speech, highlighting the cultural and societal factors that shape its expression and difference between both countries. The findings indicate that gender-related hate speech in Korea is more direct, involving performative violence targeting physical characteristics and enregisterment through derivational morphology to intensify gender antagonism. In contrast, its Chinese counterpart relies more on higher-order indexicality, indirectly constructing gender issues through metaphors and homophones. Regarding race-related expressions, the stance-taking strategies differ. Korean hate speech primarily targets domestic migrants and foreign groups, reflecting internal social tensions, whereas Chinese discourse focuses on situations abroad to reinforce collective identity. In terms of regional expressions, Korean hate speech highlights interregional hostility and capital-centrism. Chinese expressions, however, exhibit more complex patterns influenced by economic disparities, ethnic tensions, and ideological differences in social cognition. The conclusion asserts that online hate speech is not an isolated phenomenon, but rather a culturally embedded discourse practice shaped by specific language ideologies and media environments. Combining a statistical keyword analysis with Keyword-in-Context (KWIC) methods, this study investigates the linguistic features and expressive patterns of hate speech in China and Korea from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives, offering a key reference for cross-cultural research on hate speech.