In:All Things Morphology: Its independence and its interfaces
Edited by Sedigheh Moradi, Marcia Haag, Janie Rees-Miller and Andrija Petrovic
[Current Issues in Linguistic Theory 353] 2021
► pp. 81–98
Chapter 5Leaving the stem by itself
Published online: 25 August 2021
https://doi.org/10.1075/cilt.353.05bon
https://doi.org/10.1075/cilt.353.05bon
Abstract
Stem allomorphy plays a central role in the
recent history of morphology, in no small part thanks to a research
program initiated by Aronoff
(1994). Yet, there is no agreed upon way of deciding
whether some bit of form should be considered a proper part of a
stem allomorph or an independent exponent. We explore the
possibility of just doing away with the notion of stem allomorphy in
inflection. We use computational methods to identify within each
word a sequence of strings that do not take part in any alternation
within that word’s paradigm. We then discuss the relationship of
such sequences to the classical notion of a stem, and argue that
discontinuous stems are both conceptually and empirically more
satisfactory.
Keywords: stems, allomorphy, exponence, alignment, European Portuguese, English, French
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.The quest for stem allomorphy
- 3.Automatic inference of stems
- 3.1Alignment
- 3.2Unique discontinuous stems
- 3.3Sets of continuous stems
- 4.How useful are continuous stem allomorphs?
- 5.Conclusion
Acknowledgements Notes References
References (42)
Ackerman, Farrell, James P. Blevins & Robert Malouf. 2009. Parts
and wholes: Implicative patterns in inflectional
paradigms. In James P. Blevins & Juliette Blevins (eds.), Analogy
in
grammar, 54–82. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Ackerman, Farrell & Robert Malouf. 2013. Morphological
organization: The low conditional entropy
conjecture. Language 89. 429–464.
Albright, Adam & Bruce Hayes. 2006. Modeling
productivity with the gradual learning algorithm: The
problem of accidentally exceptionless
generalizations. In Gisbert Fanselow, Caroline Féry, Matthias Schlesewsky & Ralf Vogel (eds.), Gradience
in grammar: Generative
perspectives, 185–204. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Baayen, R. Harald, Richard Piepenbrock & Leon Gulikers. 1995. Celex. Philadelphia: Linguistic Data Consortium.
Beniamine, Sacha. 2018. Typologie
quantitative des systèmes de classes
flexionnelles. Paris: Université Paris Diderot dissertation.
Bonami, Olivier & Sacha Beniamine. 2016. Joint
predictiveness in inflectional
paradigms. Word
Structure 9(2). 156–182.
Bonami, Olivier & Gilles Boyé. 2002. Suppletion
and stem dependency in inflectional
morphology. In Franck Van Eynde, Lars Hellan & Dorothee Beerman (eds.), The
proceedings of the HPSG ’01
conference, 51–70. Stanford: CSLI Publications.
. 2014. De
formes en
thèmes. In Florence Villoing, Sarah Leroy & Sophie David (eds.), Foisonnements
morphologiques. etudes en hommage à Françoise Kerleroux, 17–45. Presses Universitaires de Paris Ouest.
Bonami, Olivier, Gauthier Caron & Clément Plancq. 2014. Construction
d’un lexique flexionnel phonétisé libre du
français. In Franck Neveu, Peter Blumenthal, Linda Hriba, Annette Gerstenberg, Judith Meinschaefer & Sophie Prévost (eds.), Actes
du quatrième congrès mondial de linguistique
française, 2583–2596.
Bonami, Olivier & Ana R. Luís. 2014. Sur
la morphologie implicative dans la conjugaison du portugais:
une étude
quantitative. In Jean-Léonard Léonard (ed.), Morphologie
flexionnelle et dialectologie romane. typologie(s) et
modélisation(s). 111–151. Leuven: Peeters.
Boyé, Gilles & Patricia Cabredo Hofherr. 2006. The
structure of allomorphy in spanish verbal
inflection. In Cuadernos
de
lingüística, vol. 13, 9–24. Instituto Universitario Ortega y Gasset.
Brown, Dunstan. 1998. Stem
lndexing and morphonological selection in the Russian verb:
A network morphology
account. In Ray Fabri, Albert Ortmann & Teresa Parodi (eds.), Models
of
inflection, 196–224. Niemeyer.
Cameron-Faulkner, Thea & Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy. 2000. Stem
alternants as morphological signata: Evidence from blur
avoidance in Polish
nouns. Natural Language and
Linguistic
Theory 18. 813–835.
Carstairs-McCarthy, Andrew. 1994. Inflection
classes, gender, and the principle of
contrast. Language 70. 737–788.
Durbin, Richard. 1998. Biological
sequence analysis: Probabilistic models of proteins and
nucleic
acids. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Feng, Da-Fei & Russell F. Doolittle. 1987. Progressive
sequence alignment as a prerequisite to correct phylogenetic
trees. Journal of Molecular
Evolution 25(4). 351–360.
Frisch, Stefan. 1997. Similarity
and frequency in
phonology. Evanston, IL: Northwestern University dissertation.
Hay, Jennifer B. & R. Harald Baayen. 2005. Shifting
paradigms: gradient structure in
morphology. TRENDS in
Cognitive
Science 9. 342–348.
Jackendoff, Ray. 1975. Morphological
and semantic regularities in the
lexicon. Language 51. 639–671.
List, Johann-Mattis. 2014. Sequence
comparison in historical
linguistics. Düsseldorf: Düsseldorf University Press.
Maiden, Martin. 1992. Irregularity
as a determinant of morphological
change. Journal of
Linguistics 28. 285–312.
Matthews, Peter H. 1972. Inflectional
morphology. A theoretical study based on aspects of Latin
verb
conjugation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Montermini, Fabio & Olivier Bonami. 2013. Stem
spaces and predictibility in verbal
inflection. Lingue e
Linguaggio 12. 171–190.
Needleman, Saul B. & Christian D. Wunsch. 1970. A
general method applicable to the search for similarities in
the amino acid sequence of two
proteins. Journal of
Molecular
Biology 48(3). 443–453.
Pirrelli, Vito & Marco Battista. 2000. The
paradigmatic dimension of stem allomorphy in Italian verb
inflection. Rivista di
Linguistica 12.
Sims, Andrea D. & Jeff Parker. 2016. How
inflection class systems work: On the informativity of
implicative structure. Word
Structure 9. 215–239.
Stump, Gregory T. 2001. Inflectional
morphology. A theory of paradigm
structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Stump, Gregory T. & Raphael Finkel. 2013. Morphological
typology: From word to
paradigm. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Swiggers, Pierre & Karel van den Eynde. 1987. La
morphologie du verbe
français. ITL Review of
Applied
Linguistics 77–78. 151–251.
Veiga, Arlindo Oliveira da, Sara Candeias & Fernando Perdigão. 2012. Generating
a pronunciation dictionary for European Portuguese using a
joint sequence model with embedded stress
assignment. Journal of the
Brazilian Computer
Society 19(2). 127–134.
Walther, Géraldine. 2013. De
la canonicité en morphologie: Perspective empirique,
théorique et
computationnelle. Paris: Université Paris Diderot dissertation.
Cited by (6)
Cited by six other publications
Carroll, Mae & Sacha Beniamine
Pellegrini, Matteo, Marco Passarotti, Francesco Mambrini & Giovanni Moretti
ESHER, LOUISE
Beniamine, Sacha & Olivier Bonami
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 6 december 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
