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In:Perfects in Indo-European Languages and Beyond
Edited by Robert Crellin and Thomas Jügel
[Current Issues in Linguistic Theory 352] 2020
► pp. 351–376

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Chapter 10
The perfect in Classical Armenian

 | University of Würzburg
Published online: 23 September 2020
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/cilt.352.10kol
Abstract
The paper discusses the syntax and semantics of the perfect and pluperfect of Classical Armenian. While A is usually marked for genitive, S may be marked for nominative or genitive. The perfect of terminative unaccusative verbs (‘fall’, ‘come’) describes the state of the subject after the event has reached its endpoint (‘be fallen, lie’, ‘have come, be present’). In two-place predicates the majority of perfects occur in a single-actant construction describing the resulting state of the object of the active clause (‘weave’ → ‘is woven’). If the underlying A is present as oblique subject in the genitive and the resulting state of O is backgrounded, the perfect may depict A as responsible for the event (‘characterizing’), or as being affected more than O (‘possessive’). Cases without a clear target state may have triggered the development of the perfect into a resultative in the modern language denoting present relevance of a preceding state of affairs.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Syntax
  • 3.Morphology
  • 4.Semantics
    • 4.1Participle
    • 4.2Perfect
    • 4.3One-place predicates
      • 4.3.1
      • 4.3.2Stative/ingressive ambiguity
    • 4.4Two-place predicates
      • 4.4.1Resultative
      • 4.4.2Characterizing
      • 4.4.3Possessive
      • 4.4.4Generalized resultatives
      • 4.4.5Continuative/universal
      • 4.4.6Relative tense
      • 4.4.7Counterfactual
  • 5.Later developments
  • 6.Summary
  • Notes
  • References
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