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In:Historical Linguistics 2015: Selected papers from the 22nd International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Naples, 27-31 July 2015
Edited by Michela Cennamo and Claudia Fabrizio
[Current Issues in Linguistic Theory 348] 2019
► pp. 501–518

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Chapter 24
Towards diachronic word classes universals

 | City University of Hong Kong and Research Foundation Language & Religion, Germany
Published online: 10 September 2019
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/cilt.348.24ger
Abstract
In this paper we examine the correlation of variables that influence the process of grammaticalization or lexicalization of a word class. Word classes change when all members change in a coordinated way. From the study of 24 word classes originating from representative languages in the world, we derive three universal tendencies. The strongest of these tendencies correlates the word class size and the new acquired meanings: The greater the size of the target word class, the lower the number of new acquired meanings.
Article outline
  • 1.Terminology and definition
  • 2.Corpus of word classes changes
    • 2.1Causative verbs (Tibeto-Burman)
    • 2.2Plural classifiers (Tai-Kadai)
    • 2.3English modal auxiliary verbs
    • 2.4Dual, trial, quadral pronouns in Sursurunga (Austronesian)
    • 2.5Honorific pronouns (Dravidian)
    • 2.6Tirana evidential verbs
    • 2.7Turkic auxiliary postverbs
    • 2.8Bantu object agreement markers
    • 2.9Jamul Tiipay possessive prefixes
    • 2.10Summary
  • 3.Correlations
    • 3.1Size and output
    • 3.2Size and age
    • 3.3Output and age
  • 4.Universal tendencies
  • Notes
  • Abbreviations
  • References
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