If and when it’s a construction …

The current study documents and analyzes the previously unrecognized English if and when construction. This construction coordinates a conditional and a temporal conjunction, as in if and when P Q; Q until and unless P; and a wide range of other micro-constructions. The current study documents the various types of if and when constructions, examines their relation to temporal and conditional constructions, and analyzes their variations in form and meaning from a Construction Grammar perspective.