In:Multimodal Communication from a Construction Grammar Perspective
Edited by Kiki Nikiforidou and Mirjam Fried
[Constructional Approaches to Language 38] 2025
► pp. 313–316
Subject index
Published online: 16 January 2025
https://doi.org/10.1075/cal.38.si
https://doi.org/10.1075/cal.38.si
A
- acoustic channel
34–36
- contrast87
- features 123–124, 130, 136, 138, 144, 146, 222, 227–230, 240, 242–243 ; See also under gesture
- action formation 292, 307
- affiliation 191, 199, 272, 278, 286 ; See also disaffiliation
- ah202
- argument-focus 89 ; See also information structure
- argumentative discourse
255, 272, 278
- function 253, 277
- reinforcement structure279
- sequence207
- articulation rate 10, 124, 131, 136–141, 144–146 ; See also speech rate
- articulatory effort/energy 70, 86, 94–95, 107
- attentiveness 191, 209
- auditory channel 105 ; See also sound channel
B
- beats: hand
164, 166, 169
- head 159–161, 169
- boundary cues 158–159, 163, 168, 178–181
C
- chunks
10, 133
- phonetic 73, 87, 95, 97, 100–101, 104, 106–107
- Cognitive Grammar 155–157
- Cognitive Linguistics 18, 39, 157
- cognitive-functional approach192
- communication
17, 27–29, 30, 32–36, 39, 70, 105, 147, 274
- multimodal 3, 26, 28, 36, 220
- oral 2, 12
- composite utterance 29, 33–34, 36, 193
- compositionality
16, 43, 62–63, 120–122, 127–130, 138–147, 226
- continuum of 121–122
- comprehensibility of reduced speech 70, 72, 78
- conceptual space 60 ; See also functional space
- conjuncts 119–123, 126–130, 133–134, 143–145, 147, 156, 173, 182 ; See also coordinands
- constructional representations 15, 51, 102, 117–118, 145–146
- constructions: deictic5
- grammatical 4–6, 10, 12–16, 29, 35, 63–65, 104, 220, 229, 242, 285–286
- interactional201
- kinesic222
- morphological104
- multimodal 5, 15, 17–18, 28, 30, 59, 193, 215, 267, 272, 279
- multimodal grammatical 6, 27, 35
- prosodic 13–14, 16–18, 63, 103, 286, 307
- schematic 4, 10, 13, 18, 29, 32, 146
- unimodal 220, 223, 246
- verbal 14, 17–18, 57–58, 60–62, 215, 221, 240, 242 ; See also under gesture
- content words 82, 87–88, 96, 106
- Contextualization Theory221
- conventional association
4, 13, 43, 60, 104
- expectation 43, 107
- meaning32
- pattern254
- relations12
- sound shape103
- unit 104; See also under gesture
- conventionality 14–15, 30–32, 34, 166, 173
- conventionalization 2, 18, 30–31, 35, 44, 58–59, 64, 193, 244, 255
- Conversation Analysis 6, 118, 122, 243, 245, 254
- coordinands 155, 162–163, 165, 168–169, 178–179 ; See also conjuncts
- coordination 119–120, 126, 301
- counter-expectation 192, 201
- cross-modal collostruction
16, 241–242, 246
- resources193
- cue validity 221–223, 242
- cultural evolution 31, 35–36
D
- deletion test 5, 58
- depiction 7, 27–30, 33–35
- description
7, 27–30, 33–35, 168, 170–175, 256
- constructional 40, 49, 51–52, 62
- grammatical 6, 12, 14, 63–64, 286
- development 31, 35–36, 39, 41, 45, 180, 302
- directive action
290, 293, 306
- function224
- meaning226
- disaffiliation 123, 238–241, 272 ; See also affiliation
- discourse markers (DMs) 4, 41, 92–93, 100, 291, 293, 301–302, 304–307
- discourse sequence type 154, 159, 170–173, 180–181
- discourse-structuring level162
- disjunctive topic change 293, 296, 301, 305–306
- duality of patterning 35–36
E
- emblems 59, 161, 169, 177–179, 222
- entrenchment 2, 5–6, 17–18, 30–32, 40, 42, 45, 58, 64, 107, 223, 226, 236
- epistemic asymmetry
194, 214
- authority 225–226, 246, 271
- differential 192, 213–214
- function 59, 104
- knowledge226
- markers200
- meaning76
- state 212, 214
- status 194, 204, 227 ; See also under stance
- epistemically oriented action 289, 293, 305
- epistemicity 192, 213–214
- evidential marker200
- meaning214
- evidentiality 192, 213
- exclamatives 13, 39–42, 51
- extra-clausal elements 92–94, 103
F
- facial display
191, 215
- expressions 1–2, 39, 52, 190–191, 193, 210, 213–215, 229
- features 40, 61
- movement 59, 230
- rise203
- variation212
- frame representation104
- frowns 161, 169, 176, 215, 230–231, 243
- function words 35, 82, 87–88, 96, 106
- functional cohesion162
- criteria103
- distribution 264, 271, 278
- features 145, 254
- gesture correlates158
- items88
- prototype15
- space 58, 60–61, 64 ; (see also conceptual space)
- specialization 214–215
- status 291, 306
- typology 120, 128
G
- gesture
1–2, 5–6, 10–12, 15–18, 54–55, 64–65, 156–157, 221–222, 265–267
- acoustic29
- and grammar18
- co-speech 15, 17, 34
- constructions 16–18, 61, 63, 65
- conventional 16, 63
- deictic 54–55
- hand 155, 159, 161, 164–170, 174–175, 177–179, 181, 194, 199, 201, 206
- head 62, 155, 164, 169, 176, 205
- hold 197, 199, 201, 212
- iconic 16, 62, 169
- interactional166
- intersubjective213
- metaphoric 55, 164, 166
- metonymic261
- phases11
- pointing 161, 166, 211
- pragmatic 255, 271–272, 277–279
- precision grip 271, 274 ; (see also grappolo)
- recurrent 5, 59, 61, 192–193, 213–215
- referential 255–258, 261–264, 268, 278–279
- salience 56–58, 64
- stroke196
- symbolic179
- unit 158, 166, 177 ; See also beats
- grammatical component166
- contribution98
- descriptions 6, 12, 14, 63–64, 286
- elements39
- function 35, 87
- information 95–96, 106–107
- integration 14–15, 40
- items96
- knowledge 7, 254
- markers 35, 200–201
- meaning 1–2, 87
- organization 73, 105–107
- status 29, 32, 87
- theory286
- words 88; See also constructions
- grammaticalization 6, 35, 99, 118
- grappolo 271, 274 ; See also under gesture, precision grip
H
- head beatsSee under beats
- head nodsSee under nods
I
- iconicity 32, 36
- identifiability of words 72–74, 76, 79–80, 82–87, 92–93, 102
- information structure 89, 91, 95, 102, 106, 164, 178
- inheritance 3, 10, 13, 16–17
- intensity: acoustic
228, 302, 305
- markers of 208, 212
- interaction
1, 3, 30–31, 70–72, 89, 91, 94, 107, 117, 125, 155,
157, 163, 170, 180–181, 220–222, 224, 230, 246, 254,
263, 288, 292
- between constructions105
- interactional account286
- competence107
- contexts 2, 180, 307
- functions 13, 155, 191, 221, 236, 243, 279
- meaning 13–14, 215, 292–293
- practices285
- routines286
- sequence304
- strategy95
- Interactional Linguistics 118, 122–123, 201, 228, 243, 245–246, 254, 285–286, 292
- intersubjective core9
- function 191, 212
- reaction 192; See also under gesture
- intonation
49–51, 89,
125, 133–134, 165, 167–168, 286
- fall/falling 47, 50–51, 64, 122, 169, 206, 287–288
- fall-to-mid 300, 302
- phrase 295, 304
- rise/rising 46, 51, 122, 168, 192, 199, 289, 291, 295, 299, 302–306 ; (see also under tone)
- rise-fall 123, 165–166, 304 ; (see also under tone)
- unit 123, 304
- intonation(al) coherence74
- contour 3–4, 42, 52, 117, 122–123, 131–133, 160, 206–209, 287, 295
- features 4–5, 39–40, 46, 49–52, 62, 180
- markers132
- irony5
J
- joint action298
K
- kinesic features
221, 230–232, 240
- form 192–193, 196, 215
- resources 194 ; See also constructions
L
- left-edge position 95; See also utterance-initial position
- lexical category and phonetic reduction 87–88, 94, 106
- lists: denotation
120–121, 145
- reformulation 119–120
- loudness 4, 286, 289, 292
M
- metaphoric(al)See under gesture
- metonymic(al) projection191
- relation 222; See also gesture
- minimal phonetic information (MPI) 102, 104
- mirativity192
- modality: oral-auditory193
- verbal 169, 179
- visual 196, 203–204, 211, 214–215
- visuo-gestural193
- vocal212
- modes of communication27
- morphological categories104
- contextual cues70
- explanatory principle73
- features64
- fixedness41
- motivation 95, 100, 104
- structural unit 104; See also redundancy
- morphology 87, 95, 107
N
- Natural Language Processing (NLP) 162, 182
- negation 199, 241
- network
3, 17
- constructional 10, 16, 46, 49, 51, 65, 122, 145–146, 245–246
- nods 29, 59, 160–161, 169, 199, 204, 222–223, 230–231, 234–235, 238–239, 241, 245, 274, 277–278
- non-propositional meaning 94, 98–99, 103–104
O
- obligatoriness 40, 62–64
- oh 42, 200–203, 205–206, 212–213, 215
P
- Palm Up Open Hand gesture 58, 272, 276–277
- paratone103
- pauses (filled, silent) 13, 158, 160, 169, 171–172, 174
- perception
38, 70, 78
- auditory/tonal 131, 143
- experiment 76, 79, 82
- tests 71, 83, 92, 94
- phonetic cues4
- distance 74–76
- features 12–15, 18, 76–78, 80, 87, 102, 117, 124, 130, 141
- information 4, 103
- knowledge 105, 107
- patterns 95, 105
- properties 70, 78, 87, 106–107, 286, 305, 307
- realization 74, 103, 147
- segmentation 100, 127
- variability 76, 133, 147 ; See also chunks
- phonetics306
- pitchSee intonation
- polar interrogatives 286–291, 294–296, 298–299, 302, 304–306
- pragmatic contribution
201, 214
- cues70
- features 40, 42–43, 306–307
- functions 4, 39, 44, 46–47, 51–54, 60–61, 64, 93, 99, 163, 214, 254, 286
- marker 104; (see also visual pragmatic marker)
- meaning 13–14, 16, 63, 286, 307
- motivation70
- particles301
- profile 287–288
- strategy203
- word order 102; See also gesture
- prepositions 87–88, 97–98, 106, 147
- pronunciation variants 70, 74–75, 77–78, 102
- propositional content
41–42, 50,
103, 155, 224, 255
- meaning 5–6, 99–100, 162 ; (see also non-propositional meaning)
- prosodic boundaries
158, 163
- continuity167
- cues 4, 306–307
- features 3–4, 13–14, 46, 63–65, 95, 199, 221, 230–231
- host94
- profile 127, 136, 144, 146
- properties 98, 103
- unit 158, 175, 209
- word 93; See also constructions; salience
- prosody 1, 4, 10, 13–14, 18, 71, 89, 103, 155–158, 160, 163, 165, 168, 209, 286, 292, 307
- prototypes 15, 221–222, 242–244, 246
- redundancy97
- morphological 93, 96
Q
- qualitative analysis
154, 168, 180, 200–201, 228
- differential in discourse212
- quantitative analysis
131, 180–181, 229
- approach228
R
- raised eyebrows 52, 58–62, 64, 191, 233–236, 240–242, 244, 246 ; See also under turn-final; turn-initial; turn-medial
- Raised Index Finger gesture 271, 275
- recognition
32, 39–40, 52, 57, 191–192, 204, 212, 214
- automatic 127, 162
- redundancy97
- morphological 73, 96
- reformulation 91–92, 119, 269, 291 ; See also under lists
- rejection 53, 241, 251, 268
- repair
263, 300
- initiation 70, 288–289, 295, 305
- other- 289, 295
- self-300
- request/requesting 44, 94, 223–227, 230–236, 239–244, 288–289, 291, 295–296, 299–300
- Ring gestures 169, 271
S
- salience
56–58, 61,
64, 178, 201, 206, 208–209, 212–214
- perceptual87
- prosodic 199, 289, 305
- vocal 208See also gesture
- sarcasm 5, 241
- second assessment 226, 246
- self-repairSee under repair
- semantic classification147
- consistency163
- features 127, 130, 156, 306
- field 192, 200–201, 212
- fluency179
- pole166
- semantics: deictic43
- predictable 43, 73, 144
- sentence-focus 91; See also information structure
- sequential position 194, 196–197, 200–201, 210, 212, 214–215, 306
- shakes 161, 169, 199, 221, 228, 230–231, 233, 241
- sign(ed) languages 6, 34, 36, 62, 162
- signs
35, 62–63, 161
- symbolic 29, 34–35
- unimodal220
- sound channel 29; See also acoustic channel; auditory channel
- speech: comprehensibility
70, 72, 78
- pathological182
- rate 4, 10, 70, 124, 131, 136–137, 144–146, 167, 174 ; (see also articulation rate)
- spontaneous 117, 122, 125, 144, 147, 158, 174, 182
- stance
59, 123, 194, 211, 239,
272, 277
- epistemic 73, 224, 227, 271
- visual199
- surprise 59, 191–192, 202–204, 212, 214, 289
- syllable duration 10, 124, 131, 136–137, 144
- symbolic assemblies
157, 165, 168, 179–180
- descriptions35
- function178
- meaning180
- structures 155, 157, 162 ; See also gestures; signs
- syndesis 119, 127–130, 133, 138–144
T
- textual marker301
- Throwing Away gesture 10–11, 16–17, 58
- tilts 58–59, 161, 169, 228, 230–231, 234–235, 238–239, 241, 245
- tonal parallelism 122–123, 134–135, 141–146
- tone
132–134, 169
- rising 165–168, 202–203, 210–211, 213
- rising-falling 165–166
- units 155–156, 160, 162, 165, 167, 170, 172 ; See also intonation
- tonic accent 195, 197–199, 201, 208–209, 212
- topic change
286, 306
- proffer 294, 296, 299–300, 302, 304–306
- transition306
- topic-focus 87, 89, 92, 95, 98, 102–103 ; See also information structure
- turn: conversational
39, 41–43, 45, 50, 103, 125, 173, 175, 194,
199–200, 204,
214, 225, 236–237, 244, 255, 272, 289,
307
- head 230–231, 233, 240–241
- multimodal196
- constructional unit (TCU) 294–300, 306
- turn-final position
194, 196, 199–200, 210, 212–213, 215
- raised eyebrows 201, 213
- turn-initial position
41, 50–51, 194, 196,
198–201, 204,
212, 214–215, 255, 269, 278
- raised eyebrows 199, 201, 213
- turn-medial position
194, 196, 199–200, 206, 209, 212, 293,
297
- raised eyebrows 201, 213
U
- unimodal collostructions222
- signs 220; See also constructions
- utterance
35, 74
(see also composite utterance)
- boundary 92–95, 100
- Utterance Construction Grammar 221–222
- utterance-final word 92, 95, 100
- utterance-initial position
93–94, 96
(see also left-edge position)
- word string82
V
- variable elements34
- density of occurrence196
- pronunciation75
- word types75
- verbal features 155, 180, 222 ; See also constructions; modality
- visual channel
28–29, 34,
36
- features 222, 227–230, 240, 242–243
- pragmatic marker 192, 194, 214–215 ; See also modality
- vocal features
154, 180, 215
- forms 155–156, 162, 202, 215
- markers208
- realization 165, 167
- resources 192–193
- rise203
- units 208–209 ; See also modality
W
- word reduction rate (WRR)
73, 76–78
- distribution 80–81, 88–90, 93–94, 102, 107
- method 74, 76–78
- patterns 100–101, 103
