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In:Constructions in Contact: Constructional perspectives on contact phenomena in Germanic languages
Edited by Hans C. Boas and Steffen Höder
[Constructional Approaches to Language 24] 2018
► pp. 211–249

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Texas German and English word order constructions in contact

Published online: 12 December 2018
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/cal.24.07dux
Abstract
After reviewing previous accounts of Texas German (TxG) syntax, I define the basic word order constructions of English and German and identify which are identical across the languages (i.e. diaconstructions). Next, I analyze 300 TxG utterances and determine whether their syntax corresponds more closely to German, English, or German-English diaconstructions. Finally, I discuss sentences exhibiting unusual word order and how they demonstrate the need for a (Diasystematic) Construction Grammar approach.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Previous accounts of Texas German word order
    • 2.1Texas German(s)
    • 2.2German word order
    • 2.3Word order in TxG
  • 3.Word order in (Diasystematic) Construction Grammar
  • 4.German word order constructions and German-English diaconstructions
    • 4.1.German word order constructions
    • 4.2English-German word order diaconstructions
      • (A)Subject precedes verb
      • (B)All verbs occur together
      • (C)Finite verbs precede non-finite verb forms
      • (D)Polar questions require do support
  • 5.Analysis of TxG word order
    • 5.1Data selection and limitations
    • 5.2.TxG clauses with German-origin verbs
      • Müssen (‘to have to’)
      • Dass (‘that’)
      • Weil (‘because’)
      • Because
    • 5.3TxG utterances with English verbs
      • Infinitival clauses
      • Polar questions
      • Subordinate clauses
      • Main clauses
    • 5.4.Summary of TxG word order
    • 5.5.(Diasystematic) constructional account of divergent TxG syntax
      • Multiple lexical transference
      • (Inaccurate) complex German structures
      • Transferring complex verb constructions with lexicogrammatical interference
      • Loan Translation of more general and ‘central’ constructions
      • Multiple transference and interference in a single clause
  • 6.Conclusion
  • Notes
  • References
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