In:Transmedia in Translation and Transculturation
Edited by Vasso Giannakopoulou and Elin Sütiste
[Benjamins Translation Library 167] 2025
► pp. 235–242
Index
Published online: 20 November 2025
https://doi.org/10.1075/btl.167.index
https://doi.org/10.1075/btl.167.index
A
- Aaltonen, Sirkku104
- Abidin, Crystal148
- acculturation 14, 16
- Adami, Elisabetta189
- adaptation
24, 56, 58
- definition 57–58
- vs. extension/expansion 13, 40, 67
- French63
- memes and192
- musical 100, 127–128, 130, 217
- novels to film 34, 37, 65, 68, 212
- romantic62
- vs. transmedia storytelling13
- additive comprehension 40, 135
- Adrada de la Torre, Javier 122–137, 199
- Aleshin, Samuil63
- AMC TV 34, 35, 46
- Anora (Baker)4
- Anthropocene5
- architextuality44
- Arduini, Stefano16
- Arroyo, Jossianna 16
- Aslan, Ferhat165
- Attenborough, David103
- audiovisual texts
37, 75, 79, 82, 87,
94
- signifying codes 79–81
- Austen, Jane6
- Austin, John L.104
- autocommunication
18, 20, 22, 221
- cultural 211–212, 213, 218, 227
B
- backstories 36, 46, 217
- Baker, Mona146
- Balakirev, Mily 129, 136
- Baroque period
60, 62
- neo-34
- Barrett, Syd104
- Battlestar Galactica (TV series)47
- Bäumler, Alfred 124, 133, 134
- Bencik Kangal, Saniye172
- Bentham, Jeremy181
- Better Call Saul (TV series)35
- Björk, Biophilia 103–104
- blogging 35, 47, 76
- Blommaert, Jan195
- Bolter, Jay David203
- Borges, Jorge Luis59
- Botticelli, Sandro217
- bottom-up (grassroots) productions 9, 15, 22, 35, 42, 46, 49
- Bowers, G. Bret198
- Boys, The (TV series)202
- Breaking Bad (TV series)
33–50
- cinematic style 41–42, 44, 45, 47
- comic books/graphic novels 35n1, 36, 50
- commercials, hybridized 42, 48
- crossmediality in 46, 47–48
- digital software 34, 45, 46, 48
- flashbacks and flash-forwards 42, 43
- intermediality of 42, 43–44
- intertextuality of 41–42, 44, 45
- metadiscursiveness 43, 48
- montage 45, 47
- music videos, hybridized 37, 42, 48, 49
- recaps 47–49
- serial universe 35–36, 46
- social media and 46, 47
- sound 43, 47
- sources 40–41
- storyworld 35, 36, 46
- teddy bear, pink 35, 36
- trailers 35, 47
- transmediality of 46, 48
- transtextuality of 44–46
- video games 35n1, 41, 42, 44, 48
- video remixes 35, 41, 46–47, 49
- webisodes 35, 36, 46 ; See also teasers (cold opens)
- Brembilla, Paola103
- broadcast media 4, 8, 151 ; See also television
- Bruhn, Jørgen 11, 190, 196, 197, 204
- Bruns, Axel 4n4, 78, 146
- Bülow, Hans von 128, 132, 136
- Bunting, Dave47
- Burgess, Jean199
- Byron
59, 63, 124, 134, 135,
137
- hero type 126, 133, 135 ; See also Manfred: A Dramatic Poem
C
- Calabrese, Omar38
- capitalism 8, 138, 148–149, 169
- Casetti, Francesco 75, 79, 80–81
- Cel Works, “Élan” cover 101, 109–112, 113, 114–115
- Çeri, Veysi 173–174
- Cervantes, Miguel de59
- Chan, Steven Wing-Kit193
- Chaume, Frederic 79, 81
- Cheetham, Dominic105
- Chesterman, Andrew192
- Cheyne, Ria 82–83
- child rearingSee parenting advice online
- Chomsky, Noam109
- cliff-hangers 77–78
- cold opensSee teasers
- collective authorship 193, 199, 204
- collective intelligence
6, 15, 136
- of fans 9, 36
- comedy 33, 55
- Costanza-Chock, Sasha22
- continuity
13, 25, 36, 39, 40,
41, 59, 67, 76, 213
- in Breaking Bad 46, 49, 50
- Convergence Culture (Jenkins) 8, 76
- Coppola, Francis Ford45
- Corrius, Montse82
- Courtés, Joseph34
- COVID-19 pandemic
5, 168, 199–200, 204, 216, 218
- Manitoba and 143–147, 149–161
- mis/disinformation 19, 190, 201
- and The Simpsons 190, 200, 201–202, 204
- crossmediality
12, 24, 40, 41, 50,
68, 106, 212
- in Breaking Bad 46, 47–48
- culture
16, 20, 220
- collaborative136
- Deaf 111–112
- meme 155, 190
- memory and 19, 48, 68, 69
- participatory 8, 9, 48, 78, 147, 191, 192
- popular 22, 49, 155, 222–225, 228
- translation of 5, 17–18, 20–22, 24–25, 137, 152–153, 157, 167, 196, 197
- in video games 90–95
- Western 7, 60, 66, 147, 167, 168, 174, 177–178, 182, 183, 201 ; See also autocommunication, cultural; multiculturality; semiotics of culture
- cultural literacy 211, 219
D
- Da Ponte, Lorenzo62
- Danesi, Marcel6
- Dawkins, Richard 154, 190
- De Giusti, Luciano39
- Debussy, Claude, Préludes131
- Delabastita, Dirk82
- Demirörs, Rümeysa 173, 175–176
- Dena, Christy 102–103
- Denisova, Anastasia 155, 191
- Desblache, Lucile 101, 105, 113, 114, 115
- Desjardins, Renée 142–161, 172, 189
- Di Chio, Federico 75, 79, 80–81
- dialects:
- Cibiana 106–107
- of invented languages 83, 86, 88, 93
- Dickens, Charles77
- Don Giovanni (Mozart and Da Ponte)62
- Don Juan (literary character) 56, 59–69
- Don Juan Tallinnas (Kruusement) 56, 63–69
- Don Juan Tenorio (Zorrilla) 59–60, 62, 63
- Don Quixote (Cervantes) 13, 59, 60, 62–63, 68
- Don’t Look Up (McKay)203
- Doré, Gustave, “Manfred and the Chamois Hunter”135
- drillability 13, 76, 78
- Duch, Lluís134
- Dusi, Nicola 33–50, 59, 67–68
- Dutch91
E
- Eco, Umberto 18, 23, 49
- ekphrasis 11, 24
- El burlador de Sevilla y convidado de Piedra (Molina) 59, 61–62, 63, 66
- El Camino: A Breaking Bad Movie35
- Elleström, Lars 6, 11, 57, 58, 123, 190, 193, 203
- English
20, 101, 151, 171
- automatic translation into173
- dominance 22, 24, 37, 143, 144, 149, 152, 153, 159
- JSL and 110, 115
- Old English84
- posts in 154, 158, 159, 166, 168
- equivalence, in translation
18, 38, 40, 151, 193,
203
- functional 38, 153
- Estonia
- film and literature(see Don Juan Tallinnas; Spring [Kevade])
- and Soviet Union 56, 63–64, 66, 67, 217
- Estonian 60, 63, 212, 222
- Estonian Film Classics (platform) 212, 214–215, 216, 221–227, 228
- Estonian Film Institute212
- Estonian National Museum228
- extension (expansion)
32, 35, 38, 58, 67,
78
- vs. adaptation 40, 67
- extractability 13, 77
F
- Fabbri, Paolo38
- Facebook 149, 195, 201
- Fadeev, Aleksandr 210–228
- fandom 9, 33, 40, 77, 78, 108 ; See also bottom-up (grassroots) productions; Nightwish, “Élan” Cover Contest
- Fast, Karin181
- Fisher, Vicky 105, 112
- Fiske, John49
- For a Few Dollars More (Leone)42
- Ford, Sam 48, 49
- Foucault, Michel181
- Freeman, Matthew 10, 12–14, 16, 124, 136, 146
- French
62, 143, 151–154, 174
- bilingual, with English 144, 149
- translation into/from 100, 151–152
- French Connection, The (Friedkin)42
- Freitas Branco, Luís de, The Death of Manfred135
- Friedkin, William 34, 42, 48
G
- Garrone, Matteo40
- Gaudreault, André39
- Geldof, Bob104
- Gen Alpha3
- Gen Z 156, 158–159
- Genette, Gérard 44–45, 49
- genres
23, 67, 199
- hybridized 33, 48, 129, 191
- memes as 195, 198
- German 127, 129
- Gesamtkunstwerke7
- Giannakopoulou, Vasso 2–25, 49, 68, 76, 108
- Gibson, James J.108
- GIFs 35, 42, 147, 191
- Gilligan, Vince 34, 35
- Godfather, The (Coppola)44
- Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, Faust 132, 133
- Golomb, Jacob133
- Gomorrah (Saviano/Garrone)40
- Good, the Bad and the Ugly, The (Leone)42
- Goodman, Saul (TV character)35
- Goodwin, Cara 170–171
- Gosetti, Mattia 106–107
- Gottlieb, Henrik23
- graphic codes 91, 96
- Green, Joshua 48, 49
- Greimas, Algirdas Julien 34, 49
- Grignaffini, Giorgio33
- Grishakova, Marina6
- Grusin, Richard203
- Grutman, Rainier82
- Güzel, Tevhide179
H
- Hall, Edward T. 176–177
- Hamlet (Shakespeare) 13–14, 60, 63, 68
- Harding, Sue-Ann21
- Harmon, Sandra M.181
- Harrington, Stephen146
- Hays, Sharon 168, 180
- Henderson, Angela C.181
- Higgins, Angie14
- Higgins, Dick10
- Highfield, Tim148
- Hitler, Adolf 124, 133, 134, 135, 137
- Holmes, James12
- Holmes, Jessica112
- Holopainen, Tuomas107
- homage 37, 45, 128
- House M.D.33
- Houser, Jeffrey181
- Hungarian100
- hybridization 37, 40, 46, 48, 123, 191 ; See also under genres
- hypertextuality 44, 77, 172
I
- Ibrus, Indrek12
- Ici Manitoba (@icimanitoba) 146, 149, 151–154, 157, 158, 160
- iconographic codes80
- figuration 80, 89
- plasticity 80, 88, 89, 92
- imitation 44, 191
- immersion 8, 9, 13, 77, 87, 91, 96, 103, 112, 219
- Indiewire47
- Indigenous languages, Manitoba144
- Innocenti, Veronica36
- Instagram
147–149, 150,
159, 170, 172
- citizen/community accounts 143, 146, 149, 151–161
- governmental accounts 143, 149, 159, 160
- Turkish parenting community 165–183
- universalism vs. fragmentation 166, 177–179
- Institute of Child Psychology 172–173
- intermediality
10–12, 15,
24, 41
- definition 39–40, 57 ; See also under Breaking Bad
- Internet
4, 155, 156, 190
- child rearing and 167, 180 ; See also memes
- intersemiotic translation (transmutation)
24, 37–39, 124, 156, 158–159, 166
- definition 49, 112–113
- intertextuality
8, 10, 44, 58, 130
- memes197
- TV–film 34, 37, 42, 48
- vertical169; See also under Breaking Bad
- invariants 34, 36, 38, 57, 59, 67, 213
- invented languages
82–84, 89,
91, 93–95
- alienness 82, 85, 86, 88, 89, 90, 92, 95, 96
- connotation 82–83, 84, 86
- denotation 82, 85, 87, 88, 90, 92, 96
- Dothraki 87–88, 94
- Elvish (Quenya, Sindarin; Hen Llinge/Elder) 84–86, 91–93, 94
- Khuzdul86
- linguistic puzzle 83, 91
- Nilfgaardian91
- Valyrian 88–90, 94
- isotopies
- affective34
- figurative (iconic) 34, 36, 39
- intermedial 40, 59, 67
- intertextual40
- thematic 34, 39
- Italian101
- iTunes103
- Ivanov, Vjacheslav V.17
J
- Jackson, Peter 84–85
- Jakobson, Roman
17, 23, 49, 112–113, 124, 214
- dominant of 131, 214, 215
- Jansen, Floor100
- Jansson, André181
- Japanese100
- Japanese Sign Language (JSL):
- in “Élan” Cover Contest 101, 109–111, 112
- vs. English 110, 115
- Jenkins, Henry
11–12, 15,
34, 41, 48, 49, 58,
223–224
- and convergence 76
- and transmedia 8–10, 22, 24–25, 40, 135
- and transmedia storytelling 13, 76–77, 102, 124, 135–136, 146, 189, 213
- Johnson, Mark105
K
- Kafka, Franz 44, 59
- Kaindl, Klaus23
- Kaldjärv, Klaarika 55–69
- Katan, David15–16
- Keats, John78
- Kevade (Luts)see Spring [Kevade]
- Kinder, Marsha 8, 102, 189
- Kindrachuk, Jason145
- kinetics 81, 85–86, 87–89, 92, 93, 96
- Klastrup, Lisbeth 58, 213
- knowledge:
- encyclopedic 5, 36, 77
- sharing and communities 9, 24, 36, 148, 180, 212, 225
- translation 149, 157–158, 159–160, 166, 169–170, 181 ; See also popularization
- Koskinen, Kaisa 182
- Kress, Gunther 7, 108–109
- Kruusement, Arvo 63, 65, 212, 212, 228
L
- Laaksonen, Jenni 182
- Laczko, Marika 142–161, 189
- Ladin, variant 101, 106, 109
- Lako, Cristian194
- Lakoff, George105
- Lalancette, Mireille156
- Latin192
- Leaver, Tama148
- Lee, Tong King193
- Lefevere, André 22–23, 192–193
- Leitch, Thomas 56, 65
- Leone, Sergio 34, 37, 41–43, 48, 49
- Lévy, Pierre9N7, 136
- linguistic codes 79, 91, 96, 114
- Liszt, Franz
128, 136
- correspondence with Schumann 130, 131
- literary texts
11, 60, 84
- multiplicity of 212, 219, 220–1, 222, 225, 227
- Littau, Karin23
- Lohr, Chris (aka Placeboing)47
- Long, Geoffrey A.78
- Lõngus, Edward von 216, 218
- Lord of the Rings, The (LOTR) (transmedia saga)
75, 84–87, 94, 95–96
- Aragorn’s Quest (video game)87
- Battle for Middle-Earth (video game)87
- Fellowship of the Ring, The 85–86
- memes using characters from198
- Rings of Power, The (TV series)86
- Two Towers, The (Tolkien)85
- Los Cuates de Sinaloa (band) 44, 49
- Lost (TV series) 36, 47
- Lotman, Juri (variant spelling Yuri)
17–21, 36,
41, 49, 108, 114, 211
- semiosphere 19, 40, 49
- Luts, Oskar 212, 214, 216, 217, 218, 222, 227, 228
M
- Macri, Francis 212, 217
- Madrus (Estonian rapper)217
- Maitland, Sarah196
- Maler, Anabel111
- Malinowski, Bronisław16
- Manfred: A Dramatic Poem (Byron)
126–127, 129,
135
- musical transmediations of 123–124, 127–136
- Manitoba, Government of
- Aboriginal Languages Recognition Act144
- and COVID-19 pandemic 143–147, 149–152, 155, 158–159, 150
- Progressive Conservative Party 151, 154, 155, 157
- Manitoba COVID-19 Updates (@mbcovid19updates) 146, 149, 158–160
- Manovich, Lev46
- Marais, Kobus 113, 115
- Marinetti, Cristina 105, 113
- Mariniello, Silvestra39
- Martin, George R. R. 87, 88
- Martin, John, Manfred paintings135
- Marvel Universe 146, 189
- Masanet, Maria-José221
- mash-ups, by fans 40, 42, 47, 223, 228
- Matrix, The (Wachowski and Wachowski), franchise 8–9, 76
- mbpoli Drag Race (@mbpolidragrace) 146, 149, 154–158, 160
- McLuhan, Marshall3
- meaning making
79, 80, 113, 211, 220
- collective225
- of memes 195, 203
- media combinations10
- media convergence 3–4, 9, 21, 75
- medial ecosystems 33, 40, 50
- memes
189–204
- accounts 149, 154
- and COVID-19 pandemic 155, 200, 201–3
- definition 154–155, 189–191
- emergent vs. full198
- as iconotexts 159–160
- in Manitoba 154–156
- and meaning making 195, 203
- memeability155
- nondigital193
- as palimpsests 191, 198
- and political engagement 155–156
- in/as translation 192–196, 203–204
- Mercer, John155
- metacinematography34
- metatextuality 44, 57, 217, 221 ; See also under prototexts; Spring [Kevade]
- Mignolo, Walter D.125
- migratory cues 78, 83
- Millennials 3, 156, 158–159
- Milner, Ryan155
- Milyakina, Alexandra 210–228
- Minors, Helen 102, 114
- Mitchell, W. J. T.3
- Mittell, Jason 32–33, 47, 49
- mobility codes81
- mockumentary35n1
- modalities:
- media 113, 114, 190
- semiotic 129–130, 190
- Modified Signing Space (MSS)111
- Molière 59, 61, 62, 63, 65, 67
- Molina, Tirso de 59–60, 61–63, 65, 69
- Montsalvatge, Xavier, Manfred ballet135
- Morêdo Pereira, Joana109
- Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus 59, 62, 63, 65, 67
- multiculturality 75, 82–84, 85, 87, 90, 91, 95–96
- multilingualism 75, 82–84, 85, 91, 91–95, 96
- multimodality
3–4, 7,
107, 148, 167,
189
- formerly multimediality 7, 24
- multiplicity
13, 25, 33, 40, 76,
199, 213, 219
- of literary text 212, 219, 220–221, 222, 225, 227
- Muñoz, María Cantarero 188–204
- musical/sound effects codes 80, 86, 93
N
- Näripea, Eva66
- narratives
11, 33, 132, 149
- spread of 2–25
- transmedialsee transmedia narrative/storytelling
- Nazism 124, 133–134, 135
- negative capability 78, 83
- Nergaard, Siri16
- Netflix 35, 91–92, 93
- newspapers 11, 200–201, 218
- Nietzsche, Friedrich
124, 127, 128, 135, 136,
137
- Ecce Homo132
- Manfred Meditation (after Byron) 124, 129–131, 135
- Nazi resignification of 124, 134
- “On the Dramatic Works of Byron,” 124, 132
- “superman” (Übermensch) 124, 133
- Thus Spoke Zarathustra 124, 133
- Nightwish (band)
104, 107
- “Élan” Cover Contest 99–102, 104–115
- Imaginaerum104
- nonverbal signs/codes 23, 37, 79, 95, 113, 196
- novels
6, 59, 87, 217, 222–223
- films based on 10, 34, 37, 40, 65, 212, 218–210, 226
O
- Oakley, Bill201
- Ogborn, Jon108
- Ojamaa, Maarja20
- Olohan, Maeve170
- Olzon, Anette104
- Once upon a Time in the West (Leone)43
- Ortiz, Fernando 16, 125
- Özdemir, Akdoğan166
P
- Pacino, Al45
- Palamuse Museum 217, 218
- palimpsests:
- memes as 191, 198
- translational 133, 137
- paralinguistic codes 79, 85–87, 88, 89, 91, 93, 96
- paratextuality 33, 40, 44, 47, 108
- parenting advice online
165–183
- cultural specificity 165, 167, 177–178
- gendered 179–182
- Paul, Pamela170
- Pellatt, Valerie108
- Pepe the Frog (cartoon meme)200
- performance (re active participation) 13, 78
- performativity 104–106, 113, 114
- perlocutionary effects (Austin) 151, 153, 159–160
- Perloff, Marjorie 193, 198–199
- Pepelyaev, Sasha217
- Pescatore, Guglielmo36
- photographic codes
81, 85, 86–87, 88, 90, 92, 93,
96
- color use 81, 88, 90
- framing 81, 90
- illumination 81, 85, 88, 90
- perspective 81, 85
- shot 81, 85, 89–90, 92
- Piata, Anna202
- Pink Floyd, The Wall104
- Pinkman, Jesse (TV character)35
- Pjatigorskij, Aleksandr M.17
- poetry 79, 83, 104, 193, 199, 214 ; See also Manfred
- Popovič, Anton 211, 212, 217
- popularization, of academic/scientific knowledge 166, 169, 170, 172, 181
- possible world (Eco) 35, 50
- Press Play blog47
- Pride and Prejudice (Austen)6
- Proctor, William 124–125, 136
- produsers 3, 4, 9, 14, 15, 78, 223
- proliferation 48, 58, 67
- prosuming
4, 15, 46, 47
- definition212
- and education 221, 223, 225, 228
- prototexts
68, 211–212, 221
- and metatexts 57, 67, 211, 213–214, 228 ; (see also metatextuality)
- Pujol-Tubau, Miquel 74–96
- Pulp Fiction (Tarantino) 216, 218
- Pushkin, Alexandr 59, 63
R
- Rajewsky, Irina 10, 57, 58
- Rampazzo Gambarato, Renira 9–10, 13, 14, 17, 146
- Ravel, Maurice, Ma Mère, l’Oye131
- Rebane, Gala 82, 83
- recaps, video 46–47
- remediation 39–40, 103, 203
- remixing 105, 114, 154–155, 189, 191–192, 223 ; See also under Breaking Bad
- rhizomatic development 40, 193
- rhythm 11, 43, 47, 91, 101
- Rodríguez, Nohemi Lugo221
- romanticism
4, 59, 61, 62, 63,
132, 137
- hero type 61, 126, 133
- musical 127, 132
- Romeo and Juliet (Shakespeare)13
- Rosenberg, Alfred 124, 133, 134
- Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead (Stoppard)14
- RuPaul’s Drag Race 154–157
- Ruppel, Marc Nathaniel78
- Ryan, Marie-Laure 6, 7, 50, 58, 67
S
- Saeia (Columbian band) 101, 108, 109
- Saint-Gelais, Richard58
- Saldre, Maarja 36, 50
- Sapkowski, Andrzej 90–91
- Sarson, Charlie155
- Saviano, Roberto40
- Schechner, Richard104
- Schirrmacher, Beate 11, 190, 196, 197
- Schiwy, Freya125
- Schubert, Franz, Fantasia in F minor131
- Schumann, Robert
128, 132, 135, 136
- Bilder aus Osten131
- correspondence with Liszt 130, 131
- Manfred: Dramatic Poem with Music in Three Parts (after Byron) 124, 127–128, 129, 130, 131–132, 134, 135
- science fiction 33, 82
- Scolari, Carlos A. 12, 22, 47, 48, 76, 77, 78, 221
- Scott, Clive 113, 114
- Searle, John104
- semiosphere, Lotmanian 19, 40, 48
- semiotic analysis 34–35, 44, 108
- semiotics of culture
14, 17–21, 219
- transmediality and 20–21, 25, 68, 219
- sequels and prequels
33, 35, 41, 58, 68
- paraquels41
- seriality 13, 32–33, 77–78
- Sign Beat Repeat (SBR)111
- sign language, for songs 101, 109–113
- signification, systems/codes
18, 37–38, 79–81
- resignification 124, 130, 134, 201
- Silicon Valley Shakespeare Company 13–14
- Simpsons, The (TV series)
189, 200
- and COVID-19 190, 200, 201–202, 204
- and Trump 190, 200–202, 204
- Sirgaus (band), “Élan” cover 106–107, 108, 109
- Small, Tamara A.156
- smartphones 4, 190, 199
- soap operas 32–33
- social media:
- and COVID-19 pandemic 145–146, 150–151, 158–159
- hashtags 152–153, 157
- influencers 154, 166, 169, 180
- for mental health 169, 182
- parenting content 165–183
- popularity measures 48, 149, 151, 154, 156, 158, 167, 169, 198
- as superspreaders4
- and TV 35, 46, 49
- video platforms47
- Société Radio-Canada151
- Sokoli, Stavroula84
- Song of Ice and Fire, A (transmedia saga)
75, 87–90, 94
- Game of Thrones (TV series) 87–89
- Game of Thrones (video game)90
- House of the Dragon (TV series)89
- song signing 101, 109–113
- Sopranos, The (TV series)47
- sound arrangement codes
80, 91
- isochrony 80, 81
- source–target
38–39, 58,
168, 172, 183,
189, 192, 196,
204
- in Breaking Bad 44–45
- invented languages and 82–83, 89, 94–95
- source texts
34, 37, 174, 188–189, 214
- audiovisual87
- expansion 13, 37, 58, 67, 75, 114, 176, 219 ; (see also expansion)
- memes and 193, 196–197
- multilingual 93–95, 168
- reduction 37, 191
- stageplays67
- as text-codes 211, 213, 214
- transmediality of 219–220, 221 ; See also prototexts; source-text
- Soviet Union 56, 63–65, 66, 217
- Spanish
37, 89, 134
- and Estonian63
- Golden Age60
- literature 59–61
- translations into 75, 84–86, 88–95, 100–101
- Spotify103
- spreadability 13, 48, 76, 189, 198
- Spring [Kevade] (Luts), and adaptations
212, 222, 227
- metatexts of 216–219, 226–227
- transmedia universe of 210, 213–215, 222, 227, 228
- Star Wars, franchise 146, 189
- Stavans, Ilan 191, 197, 199, 202
- Stepanov, Ruslan217
- stereoscopicity212
- Stoppard, Tom14
- storyworlds
14, 15, 33
- Breaking Bad 35, 36, 46
- definition50
- expansion 14–15, 22, 33, 35–36, 41, 58, 83, 91, 189
- Stravinsky, Igor217
- Sturge, Kate114
- subjectivity 13, 78
- subtitling:
- in English 84–86, 87–90, 92, 94, 100
- intralingual151
- of invented languages 84–86, 87, 88–90, 92, 94, 95
- Suckow, Karl Adolf 127–128, 132, 136
- Susam-Saraeva, Şebnem 168, 178
- symbolic mediators 220, 221
- syntactic codes79
T
- Tagalog 143–144
- Tarantini, Angela 99–115
- Tarantino, Quentin218
- target texts
38, 39, 44, 82, 95
- audiovisual 75, 79–81, 129 ; See also source-text
- Talvet, Jüri60
- Tchaikovsky, Pyotr Ilyich
127, 129, 132, 135, 136
- Manfred Symphony (after Byron) 124, 129, 131, 134
- teasers (cold opens), Breaking Bad
35, 37, 42, 46, 49
- intermediality 43–44
- montaged, by fans47
- technological codes79
- TED conferences, translation170
- Tekgül-Akın, Duygu 165–183
- television (TV):
- adapted from novels 40, 87–93
- broadcast4
- complex TV 32, 34, 48
- intertextuality with film 34, 37, 42, 48
- memes from 198, 200–201
- reality TV 154–157
- serialized 32–33
- spin-offs35
- Tevhide Dadı [Nurse Tevhide] (@tevhidedadi)179
- texts, definition 3–4, 106 ; See also audiovisual texts; literary texts; prototexts; source texts; target texts; urtexts
- third languages (L3) 75, 82, 83–84, 85, 90, 94, 95
- Togda v Seville (Aleshin)63
- Tolkien, J. R. R. 84–85
- top-down productions
9, 15, 34, 35, 42
- strategy 35, 46, 47
- Toporov, Vladimir N.17
- Torop, Peeter 20, 36, 50, 56–57, 67, 131, 211, 214, 216
- Tosca, Susana 58, 213
- Toury, Gideon 23, 113, 182
- Trafilm 83, 84, 93–94
- transculturation 13, 16–17, 125–126, 182
- transformation
16, 38, 40, 41, 49,
56, 60, 105, 211
- definition44
- and memes 193, 198, 203
- transmedial 67, 91, 123, 129, 172, 196
- translatability
18, 36, 38–39
- of memes 194, 202
- parameters 214, 217
- untranslatability 18, 19, 192
- translation
112–113, 123,
137
- and colonialism125
- dominant of 131, 214, 215
- ethics 25, 145, 166–167, 181–183
- interlingual 112, 113, 147, 151, 166, 172–177, 182
- intersemiotic(see intersemiotic translation)
- machine 145, 173, 188
- memes in/as 192–196, 203–204
- of multimedia56
- of music 100, 101–102, 108, 114–115
- professional vs. volunteer/nonprofessional 5, 15, 111–112, 167, 170, 182–183, 192
- *translation (Tymoczko)146n11; See also under culture; equivalence; French; knowledge; Spanish; transmediality
- translation studies
6, 7, 10, 14, 56,
113–114, 123,
196
- descriptive (DTS)150
- and memes 189, 192
- post-translation studies 123, 124
- outward turn 123, 124
- transmedia
7–11, 13,
16, 23, 25
- intertextuality8
- terminology 56–59, 66, 135, 189
- transmedia literacy
221–222, 225
- definition220
- transmedia narrative/storytelling
8, 13, 14, 33, 41,
66–67, 75,
124, 203
- case studies75 See also specific project
- characterized 13, 213
- definition/principles 11, 12, 22, 41, 76–78, 102, 135, 137, 146, 189, 213
- mechanisms 42, 104, 148, 191, 197
- memes as 190, 192, 203
- monetization148
- Transmedia Research Group (Tartu) 212, 221
- transmediality
25, 40, 41, 227
- definition 12–15, 17, 102–103, 147–148
- and Lotman 20, 21
- and music 102–104, 108, 115
- parenting, global network 166, 169, 172, 181
- and translation 21–24, 124, 156, 169–172 ; See also under Breaking Bad
- transmediation
123, 127, 130, 135–136, 197
- definition 57–58, 193, 196, 203–204, 221
- of poetry to music 124, 127, 129, 130
- transmutationSee intersemiotic translation
- transposition
34, 44, 113
- (inter)medial 10, 57, 66
- transtextuality 40, 44, 45
- Trump, Donald J., and The Simpsons 190, 200–202, 204
- Turkish 165, 168, 172–173, 177
- Twenty-First Century Fox 33, 200
- Twitter (X)
143, 149
- Trump on 200–201
- Tymoczko, Maria147
U
- Uyku Meleği [The Sleep Angel] (@uykumelegi) 178–179
- Ulfsak, Lembit65
- untranslatability 18, 19, 192
- urtexts 13, 14, 135
- user-generated content 42, 146, 172, 189, 196
- Uspenskij, Boris A.17
V
- van Leeuwen, Theo7
- van Wyke, Ben183
- Vann, Portia146
- Varis, Piia195
- Vásquez, Camilla149
- Venuti, Lawrence182
- verbality
11, 149
- signs/texts/codes 23, 37, 79, 113, 166
- Vernadsky, Vladimir19
- Vidal Claramonte, Ma Carmen África 155, 161, 191, 197, 202
- video games
8, 87
- in Breaking Bad 35n1, 41, 42, 44, 48
- culture and language in 90–95
- cutscenes 87, 90, 91
- localization 80, 81 ; See also specific game
- virality
48, 112, 155
- of memes 195, 198, 200
- voice-overs 91, 93, 95
- Vygotsky, Lev 220, 221
W
- Wagner, Richard 128–129, 135
- Walt Disney Company200
- Washbourne, Kelly169
- Waters, Roger104
- webisodes 35–36, 47
- West, Kim178
- western genre, on TV
33–34, 41–42, 43
- in film 34, 37, 42, 49
- postmodern 34, 48
- White, Walter (TV character) 33, 37, 42–45, 49
- Whitman, Thomas (film character)104
- Wiggins, Bradley E. 155, 156, 198
- wikis 24, 35, 36
- Witcher, The (transmedia saga)
75, 90–93, 94
- Witcher, The (TV series)91
- Witcher 3, The: The Wild Hunt (video game) 91, 95
- world building 13, 77, 95, 103, 114, 115, 135, 213
X
- Xie, Lexing202
Y
- Young, Neil (of Electronic Arts)135
- YouTube 46–47, 99–100, 112, 143
Z
- Zabalbeascoa, Patrick 82, 84
- Zeffirelli, Franco13
- Zoroastrianism, and Byron’s Manfred 126–127, 133
- Zorrilla, José 59, 62–63
