A war triggered by translation
From Bible translation to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in nineteenth-century China
Published online: 27 September 2022
https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.00290.wan
https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.00290.wan
Abstract
This article studies the impact of Chinese biblical translation on the Taiping Rebellion in China in the
nineteenth century. The rebellion built its ideology based on a unique interpretation of the Bible, aiming at overthrowing the
Qing government and building a kingdom of heaven in China. The Bible that had inspired the rebellion was later altered, annotated, and
became the Taiping Bible, which integrated the political agenda of the rebellion. This research traces such an event of the
Chinese translation of the Bible in the nineteenth century, investigates its connection with the rise of the rebellion and
analyzes the Taiping Bible. By examining the discrepancies between the Chinese translation of the Bible and the Taiping Bible,
this paper explores the role that translation plays in triggering the rebellion and demonstrates the interplay between translation
and the socio-cultural environment in China during that period.
Keywords: biblical translation, China, the Taiping Rebellion, reception
Résumé
Cet article étudie l’impact de la traduction biblique chinoise sur la rébellion de Taiping en Chine au 19e siècle.
La rébellion a bâti son idéologie sur une interprétation unique de la Bible, visant à renverser le gouvernement et à construire un
royaume des cieux chinois. La Bible qui avait inspiré la rébellion a ensuite été modifiée et annotée pour s’intégrer dans le
programme politique de la rébellion. Cette recherche retrace un tel événement de la traduction chinoise de la Bible au 19e siècle,
étudie son lien avec la montée de la rébellion et analyse la Bible de Taiping modifiée. En examinant les divergences entre la
traduction chinoise de la Bible et la Bible de Taiping, cet article explore le rôle que joue la traduction dans le déclenchement
de la rébellion et démontre l’interaction entre la traduction et l’environnement socioculturel en Chine durant cette période.
Mots-clés : traduction de la Bible, Chine, la rébellion de Taiping, reception
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.From God to shangdi
- 3.Translation retranslated: The Taiping Bible
- 3.1Selection of biblical books
- 3.2Trinity and kingdom of heaven
- 4.Translation and social turmoil
- Notes
References
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