Article published In: APTIF 9 - Reality vs. Illusion: From Morse code to machine translation
Edited by Frans De Laet, In-kyoung Ahn and Joong-chol Kwak
[Babel 66:4/5] 2020
► pp. 689–705
How interpreter-translators are assessed and hired in the market
A case study of South Korea’s recruiting process of interpreter-translators
Published online: 9 October 2020
https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.00184.kim
https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.00184.kim
Abstract
In South Korea where there is no national accreditation system for translators and interpreters, it is left to the
respective employers to devise and administer an assessment instrument for hiring translators and interpreters. While studies
calling for reliable and valid testing and assessment in the field of Translation and Interpretation Studies have increased during
the past decade, empirical research on how tests and assessments are carried out in the marketplace, especially outside of Europe
and North America, remain scarce. This study closely examines how tests and assessments are carried out at hiring by tapping into
questions of how tests are developed, by whom, and who rates the tests and on which criteria. Then, the soundness of the overall
hiring process is evaluated based on the six qualities of Bachman and Palmer’s Test Usefulness Model; construct validity,
reliability, authenticity, interactiveness, impact, and practicality.
The study found that (1) the hiring process involves three stages of assessment: document screening, interpreting
and translation tests, and one-on-one interview; (2) the interpreting and translation tests are developed, administered and rated
by a combined group of experts: professors of interpreting and translation studies; professional interpreters/translators;
subject-matter experts at the institutions; (3) the overall usefulness of the tests based on Bachman and Palmer’s Test Usefulness
Model is medium to high; and (4) the employers of interpreter-translators look for qualities beyond interpreting/translation
skills upon hiring. The implications of the findings on professional translators and interpreters and educators are discussed,
followed by suggestions for future research.
Résumé
En Corée du Sud, où il n’y a pas de système national d’accréditation des traducteurs et interprètes, il
appartient aux employeurs respectifs de concevoir et de gérer un instrument d’évaluation permettant de recruter des traducteurs et
interprètes. Bien qu’on ait vu augmenter le nombre d’études demandant des tests et des évaluations fiables et valables dans le
domaine de la traductologie et de l’interprétologie au cours de la dernière décennie, des recherches empiriques sur la manière
dont les tests et les évaluations sont effectués sur le marché restent rares, en particulier en dehors de l’Europe et de
l’Amérique du Nord. Cette étude examine en détail la manière dont les tests et les évaluations sont effectués au moment du
recrutement, en explorant les questions suivantes : comment les tests sont-ils élaborés, par qui, par qui sont-ils cotés et en
fonction de quels critères. La rigueur du processus global de recrutement est ensuite évaluée sur la base des six qualités du
modèle de Bachman and Palmer sur l’utilité des tests : validité du construit, fidélité, authenticité, interactivité, impact et
practicabilité.
L’étude révèle que (1) le processus de recrutement couvre trois étapes d’évaluation : vérification des
documents, tests d’interprétation et de traduction et entretien en face à face ; (2) un groupe d’experts, composé de professeurs
d’interprétologie et de traductologie, d’interprètes et de traducteurs professionnels et d’experts au sein d’institutions,
élabore, fait passer et cote les tests d’interprétation et de traduction ; (3) l’utilité générale des tests, basée sur le modèle
de Bachman and Palmer, est moyenne à élevée ; et (4) au moment du recrutement des interprètes et traducteurs, les employeurs
recherchent des qualités qui vont au-delà des compétences en interprétation et traduction. Nous abordons ensuite les implications
des résultats sur les traducteurs et interprètes professionnels et les enseignants, puis nous formulons des suggestions pour de
futures recherches.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Theoretical background
- 2.1Test and assessment in Translation and Interpreting Studies
- 2.2Bachman and Palmer’s Test Usefulness Model
- 3.Method
- 3.1Data collection
- 3.2Data analysis
- 4.Findings
- 4.1Overall hiring process and tests
- 4.1.1Institution A – Step 1
- 4.1.2Institution A – Step 2
- 4.1.3Institution A – Step 3
- 4.1.4Institution B
- 4.2Test Usefulness based on Bachman and Palmer’s model
- 4.2.1Construct validity
- 4.2.2Reliability
- 4.2.3Authenticity
- 4.2.4Interactiveness
- 4.2.5Impact
- 4.2.6Practicality
- 4.1Overall hiring process and tests
- 5.Discussions and conclusion
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