Translation, rewriting and formation of Singapore’s bilingual education policy
A comparison of English and Chinese editions of My Lifelong Challenge: Singapore’s Bilingual Journey by Lee Kuan Yew
Published online: 25 May 2020
https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.00169.cui
https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.00169.cui
Abstract
Individuals inevitably have their own perception of Singapore’s bilingual education policy, especially those who experienced its formation and history from the pre-independence days of the 1950s to the 1980s. The book, My Lifelong Challenge: Singapore’s Bilingual Journey by Lee Kuan Yew, the founding Prime Minister of Singapore, provides much information and insights into this part of history. Through the comparison of the English and Chinese editions, this paper discusses the poetics, patronage and ideological differences related to the reasons for the translation and rewriting by Lee Kuan Yew of the Chinese edition. It suggests that Lee Kuan Yew had different intentions for the English and Chinese editions in relation to the respective readerships; as regards the English readership, the author intends the readers to gain knowledge of the historical background and to emphasize to them the importance of Mother Tongue; as regards the Chinese readership, he seeks to address any misunderstandings and misgivings towards the government that this group of readers may have and to gain their support for the bilingual policy.
Keywords: rewriting, poetics, patronage, ideology, bilingual education policy
Résumé
Les individus ont inévitablement leur propre perception de la politique d’éducation bilingue de Singapour, en particulier s’ils ont vécu sa formation et son histoire depuis la période antérieure à l’indépendance dans les années 1950 jusqu’aux années 1980. Le livre My Lifelong Challenge : Singapore’s Bilingual Journey de Lee Kuan Yew, le Premier ministre fondateur de Singapour, fournit un grand nombre d’informations et de points de vue sur cette période de l’histoire. En comparant les éditions anglaise et chinoise, cet article examine les différences en matière de poésie, de paternalisme et d’idéologie liées aux motifs de la traduction et de la réécriture de Lee Kuan Yew dans l’édition chinoise. Il suggère que les intentions de Lee Kuan Yew à l’égard des lecteurs respectifs des éditions anglaise et chinoise étaient différentes. En ce qui concerne le lectorat anglais, l’auteur souhaite que les lecteurs acquièrent des connaissances sur le contexte historique et insiste sur l’importance de la langue maternelle ; concernant le lectorat chinois, il cherche à dissiper les malentendus et les réserves que ce groupe de lecteurs pourrait avoir à l’égard du gouvernement et à obtenir son soutien à la politique bilingue.
Mots-clés : réécriture, poésie, paternalisme, idéologie, politique d’éducation bilingue
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.About Challenge
- 3.The rewriting of Challenge
- 3.1The Chinese edition as a translation and rewriting of the English edition
- 3.2Poetics and rewriting
- 3.3Patronage and rewriting
- 3.4Ideology and rewriting
- 3.5The overlapping of all three aspects
- 4.Conclusion
References
References (9)
1.
Books
Bassnett, Susan; and André Lefevere. 2001. Constructing Cultures: Essays on Literary Translation. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.
Hermans, Theo. 1999. Translation in Systems: Descriptive and System-oriented Approaches Explained. Manchester (UK): St. Jerome Publishing.
Lee, Kuan Yew. 2012. My Lifelong Challenge: Singapore’s Bilingual Journey. Singapore: Straits Times Press.
Lefevere, André. 2004. Translation, Rewriting and the Manipulation of Literary Fame. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press.
2.
E-resources
Ee, Yan Li. 2010. Bilingualism and Hegemony: Public Discourse on the Chinese language teaching in Singapore (Bachelor’s Thesis). Singapore: DR-NTU Institutional Repository. [URL]
Oxford dictionaries, sub voce “ideology”. [URL]
Singapore Press Holdings. 2011. Launch of “My Lifelong Challenge: Singapore’s Bilingual Journey” by Lee Kuan Yew. Singapore Press Holding’s Media Releases 2011. [URL]
