How should culture be rendered in subtitling and dubbing?
A reception study on preferences and attitudes of end-users
Published online: 4 April 2019
https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.00082.boz
https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.00082.boz
Abstract
Empirical reception research in audiovisual translation (AVT) has long been neglected as most previous studies focused primarily on features of AVT as a product and the producers of AVT, but not on end-users. The importance of these studies is emphasized by the fact that AV content is designed for target audiences. Knowing their preferences, expectations and needs can inform the industry and, thus, increase positive reception, placement and usability of the product. The present contribution aims at answering the question of whether there is a difference in preferences when it comes to translation strategies used for rendering the elements of culture (EC) in two different AVT modalities (subtitling and dubbing) and what could be the underlying reasons for it. For this purpose, we conducted an experiment with 136 participants among the undergraduate students at two universities in Montenegro. Results indicate that end-users have different general preferences and expectations for these modalities. We hypothesize that the observed differences are related to the “vulnerability” of subtitling. Furthermore, fluctuations from the general preference in subtitling have been noted in monocultural ECs in connection with encodedness of the EC in source text humor. This shows that industry’s translation guidelines should be modality-specific and that an over-simplistic approach to the treatment of such a complex issue as rendering culture within certain modalities should be avoided.
Keywords: reception studies, subtitling, dubbing, elements of culture
Résumé
La recherche empirique sur la réception dans la traduction audiovisuelle (TAV) a longtemps été négligée, parce que la plupart des études antérieures se concentraient principalement sur les caractéristiques de la TAV en tant que produit et sur les producteurs d’une TAV, et non sur les destinataires finaux. L’importance de ces études a été mise en évidence par le fait que le contenu audiovisuel était conçu pour des publics cibles. Connaitre leurs préférences, leurs attentes et leurs besoins permet d’informer l’industrie et, par conséquent, d’accroître la réception positive, le placement et la convivialité du produit. Le présent article a pour but de répondre à la question de savoir s’il existe des différences de préférences en ce qui concerne les stratégies de traduction utilisées pour rendre les éléments culturels (EC) dans les deux modes de traduction audiovisuelle (sous-titrage et doublage) et quelles en seraient les raisons sous-jacentes. Dans cet objectif, nous avons effectué une expérience avec 136 étudiants de deux universités du Monténégro. Les résultats montrent que les destinataires finaux ont des préférences et des attentes générales différentes pour ces modes. Nous supposons que les différences observées sont liées à la « vulnérabilité » du sous-titrage. En outre, des fluctuations par rapport à la préférence générale du sous-titrage ont été notées dans les EC monoculturels, en ce qui concerne l’encodage des EC dans l’humour du texte source. Cela montre que les directives de traduction de l’industrie doivent être spécifiques au mode et qu’il faut éviter de traiter de manière trop simpliste un problème aussi complexe que le transfert d’éléments culturels.
Mots-clés : études sur la réception, sous-titrage, doublage, éléments culturels
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Recent AVT reception research
- 3.Study design
- 3.1Participants
- 3.2Stimuli
- 3.3Procedure
- 4.Results and discussion
- 4.1H1: The majority of the participants will prefer the foreignization approach in subtitling and the domestication approach in dubbing
- 4.2H2: Specifically in cases of mono or microcultural ECs, the general preferred approach will be a domesticated one
- 5.Conclusion
- Note
References
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