Benjamin and Borges
Reflections on afterlife and translation
Published online: 8 August 2018
https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.00029.ras
https://doi.org/10.1075/babel.00029.ras
Abstract
Borges’ works deconstruct the time lag conceived in the binaries such as the work’s production vs. its criticism, the original text
vs. its translation, the source text vs. the derivative nature of the target text, and reality vs. fiction. Benjamin, as Borges’
near contemporary, echoes rather the same idea in his post-Nietzschean philosophy of translation. Focusing on the similarities
between the views of Benjamin on translation and those of Borges as reflected in his stories as well as his essays, particularly
in his well-received essay on translations of Thousand and One Nights and in his meta-fictional short story
‘Pierre Menard’: Author of the Quixote, this paper aims at bringing the two scholars together in the context
of literary translation studies in the postmodern era, where intersemiotic and intertextual collage (in Eco’s terminology) and
mimicry bear witness to the claim that translation, like other intertextual enterprises, is neither inferior to the other
intertextual undertakings such as writing, nor is it detached from language as post-structurally conceived. Furthermore, another
core objective of this study is to show how Borges’ ‘Menard’ heralds and truly represents the translation
theories built upon the underlying assumptions of deconstructionism since the 1980s. It is concluded that as far as postmodern and
poststructuralist theories are concerned, both Borges’ and Benjamin’s works had predicted the future of literary and translation
theories in which the decisive role of translation and translator in the construction of culture and identities cannot be
denied.
Résumé
Les œuvres de Borges déconstruisent le décalage temporel conçu dans les binaires, comme la production de l’œuvre par
opposition à sa critique, le texte original par opposition à sa traduction, le texte source par opposition à la nature dérivée du
texte cible, et la réalité par opposition à la fiction. Benjamin, un proche contemporain de Borges, exprime une idée assez
similaire dans sa philosophie post-nietzschéenne de la traduction. En se concentrant sur les similitudes entre les points de vue
de Benjamin sur la traduction et ceux de Borges, tels qu’ils ressortent de ses nouvelles et de ses essais, en particulier dans son
essai apprécié sur les traductions des Mille et une nuits et dans sa nouvelle de métafiction ‘Pierre
Menard’: auteur du Quichotte, cet article vise à rapprocher les deux auteurs dans le contexte des études de
traduction littéraire dans l’ère postmoderne, où un collage intersémiotique et intertextuel (dans la terminologie
d’Eco) et un mimétisme montrent que l’affirmation selon laquelle la traduction, comme d’autres entreprises
intertextuelles, n’est ni inférieure à d’autres entreprises intertextuelles, comme l’écriture, ni détachée de la
langue, conçue post-structurellement. Un autre objectif central de cette étude consiste en outre à montrer comment le
‘Menard’ de Borges annonce et représente vraiment les théories de la traduction, qui reposent sur les
hypothèses sous-jacentes du déconstructionnisme depuis les années 1980. Elle conclut qu’en ce qui concerne les théories
postmodernes et poststructuralistes, les œuvres de Borges et de Benjamin avaient prédit l’avenir des théories littéraires
et de celles de la traduction, dans lesquelles il est impossible de nier le rôle décisif de la traduction et du traducteur dans la
construction de la culture et des identités.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Background
- 3.Translation as original
- 4.Borges as translator
- 5.Ontological echoing of ‘Menard’s’ Quixote in Benjamin’s afterlife
- 6.Conclusion
- Acknowledgments
References
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