In:The Evolving Curriculum in Interpreter and Translator Education: Stakeholder perspectives and voices
Edited by David B. Sawyer, Frank Austermühl and Vanessa Enríquez Raído
[American Translators Association Scholarly Monograph Series XIX] 2019
► pp. 423–430
Subject index
A
- accessibility47, 107, 161, 238, 245, 247, 251, 253
- accreditation6, 96, 156, 350, 355–356, 374
- test96, 350, 355
- accuracy63, 190, 207, 214, 216, 218–219, 234, 279, 309, 399, 401, 406
- action research2, 10–11, 313
- adaptation36, 162, 236–237, 244, 380
- adaptive skills284
- ADDIE Model176, 179
- admission requirements75–77, 79, 84
- advisorsee language-services advisor
- affective outcomes271, 283, 288, 293, 296
- Africa34, 357, 359, 365, 403
- African Development Bank357–358
- African Union357–358
- agency5, 180, 217–218, 220, 223–224, 229, 233, 237
- Agency Theory26, 38
- AIsee artificial intelligence
- AIICsee International Association of Conference Interpreters
- amateur translation106
- American Sign Language119–120, 122, 130–131, 134, 137–138
- American Translators Association13, 21, 96, 183, 211, 271, 298
- approachsee also blended approachsee also cognitive approachsee also communicative approachsee also emergent approachsee also empirical approachsee also functionalist approachsee also learner-centered approachsee also process-oriented approachsee also product-oriented approachsee also social-constructivist approachsee also sociocultural approach
- Arab Gulf185, 189
- Arabic158, 186–189, 194, 196, 198, 290, 403
- artificial intelligence205, 207, 220, 264–265
- Asia45, 54
- ASLsee American Sign Language
- assessment5–6, 9, 11, 21, 48, 56, 68, 77, 95, 113–114, 121, 125, 135, 139, 150, 157, 159, 175, 189, 201, 243–244, 246, 309, 319, 327, 356, 360, 362, 388, 391, 395, 404; see also self-assessment
- Association for Machine Translation of the Americas208
- ASTM212, 226
- ATAsee American Translators Association
- attitude284, 296, 302–303, 305, 314–315, 346
- audience55, 65, 68, 163, 176, 181–182, 208, 214, 216–217, 279, 285–286, 290, 309, 383, 398–399
- audiovisual translation43, 84, 108-109, 114
- Australia3, 9, 27, 30, 38, 50, 281
- Austria81–82, 84, 86, 89–90, 91–93, 144, 150–151, 302
- autodidact165
- automaticity284, 293–295, 312
B
- behaviorism240–241
- belief5, 276, 349, 394
- Bible translation56, 59
- bilingual42, 44, 128, 216, 221, 225, 289, 291, 374, 399, 405–406
- BITRA7
- blended approach33, 167–168, 376
- Bologna81–82, 86–87, 90, 92, 111, 115
- Accords141, 145, 152
- Process3, 32, 99, 145
- Bulgaria81–83, 85, 88, 90–92
C
- Cameroon358
- Canada128, 137, 266, 280–281, 345, 403
- case study2, 10–11, 63, 141–142, 157, 167, 185, 301, 305, 307
- CATsee computer-assisted translation
- CEFRsee Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
- certification39, 57, 79, 123, 156, 166, 215, 350, 352, 358, 366
- Chile34
- China9, 96, 335, 351, 353, 357, 368, 393, 397–398, 403, 405–406, 408
- code of ethics and professional conduct55, 136, 344
- cognitive
- approach272
- outcomes271, 283, 288, 294
- process120–122, 129–130, 134, 137–138, 271–272, 275, 286, 293, 319, 321
- cognitivism241
- collaborative learning241
- Colombia175
- Common European Framework of Reference for Languages41, 48, 79
- communication
- knowledge288–291, 293–295
- process model274
- communicative approach229, 244
- community
- translation59
- interpreting155, 161–166, 169, 172, 197
- of practice33, 135–136
- competence2–3, 8, 32–33, 45, 77, 80, 85, 89, 93, 99–100, 102, 107, 110–111, 113-114, 190, 194, 243-244, 264, 282–284, 286–297, 308, 321, 355see also communicative competencesee also cultural competencesee also domain competencesee also foundational competencesee also intercultural communicative competencesee also linguistic competencesee also localization competence
- models2–3, 224–225
- computer-assisted translation187–188, 191–192, 195–196, 198, 215, 240, 249–250, 289, 295
- computer-mediated communication271, 295
- computer literacy56, 188, 191
- conference interpreting2, 96, 144–145, 147–149, 156, 164, 263, 266, 303, 305, 310, 321, 343–344, 348–349, 351, 357–358, 360–361, 364–366 370–372, 374, 376, 380, 385, 390, 398
- consecutive interpreting66, 130, 149, 166, 199, 263, 289, 295, 312
- consortium167, 178, 180, 354–358, 362, 364–365
- constructivism241–242
- content knowledge170, 287–288, 291, 293–294, 296
- Continuing Professional Development261, 369, 373, 375–376
- convention106, 189, 214, 216, 237, 239, 250, 255
- corpus6–8, 10–12, 101, 105, 158, 222, 289–291, 292
- analysis101
- methodology289
- research11
- Council of Europe41, 347, 353, 355, 370–371
- covert translation211–212, 219, 223
- CPDsee Continuing Professional Development
- crowdsourcing37, 40, 59, 62, 64, 106; see also fan translation
- cultural
- competence128, 271–272, 278, 280, 282, 284, 286–288, 290–295, 299
- knowledge137, 290, 292, 296
- court interpreting57, 143, 164, 260, 282, 349
- curriculum
- design2, 6, 11–13, 79, 84, 125–126, 128, 141–142, 145, 149–150, 153–154, 272
- development6, 8–9, 43, 47, 128, 137
- models2
- research11, 13
- spiraling122
D
- declarative knowledge225, 283, 296
- deliberate practice312
- dialogue interpreting147–149, 156
- didactic method230
- digital
- assistant265
- citizen260–261
- community260
- genre109, 231, 235
- learner training173, 179–180
- learning162, 166, 169, 170–172, 175–176, 181; see also e-learning
- skills259
- technology56, 161
- diplomatic interpreting59
- directionality55, 187, 190–191, 328, 331, 333
- discourse analysis130, 133–134, 196, 238, 243, 247
- discovery method322, 338
- domain competence230–231
- dubbing36, 106, 195; see also subtitling
E
- e-learning69, 163, 380, 382, 384; see also digital learning
- ECTSsee European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System
- editing62–63, 67–68, 174, 186, 193, 197, 200, 217, 247; see also post-editingsee also pre-editing
- educational
- model167, 229–230, 240
- philosophy13–14
- psychology65
- reform3
- research54
- Effort Model121, 285
- Egypt357, 403
- EHEAsee European Higher Education Area
- electronic tools110, 205, 301
- EMCIseeEuropean Masters in Conference Interpreting
- emergent approach2, 229
- empirical
- approach323
- evidence120, 156, 158, 264, 303, 401
- experimentation323, 327
- research56, 120, 130, 306, 327
- studies10, 120, 304, 309, 313
- support309
- employability31, 45, 100, 102, 147, 155, 379
- employer3, 13, 26, 38, 185, 348–349, 354, 373
- employment13, 45, 156, 168, 189, 206, 343, 349, 364, 369, 373
- EMTsee European Masters in Translation
- ethics39, 55, 57, 82, 127, 134, 136, 165, 190, 282, 308–309, 311, 320, 344–345, 348, 373–374; see also code of ethics and professional practice
- European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System78, 83, 88, 90, 92, 145–146, 148–149
- European Higher Education Area32-33, 99–100, 103
- European Masters in Conference Interpreting96, 155–156, 303, 355–357, 361, 364, 385–386
- European Masters in Translation3, 12, 75–82, 84–96, 101
- evaluation5, 11, 60, 66, 99–100, 103, 112, 147, 156, 169, 176, 189, 216, 224, 243–244, 295, 304, 315, 327, 338, 352, 356, 358–360, 365, 383–386, 389–390; see also peer evaluationsee also self-evaluation
- experiential learning33, 66, 241, 307
- experimentation167–168, 230, 322–324, 327
- expertise4, 100, 110, 137, 153, 169, 182,99, 211, 230, 232–233, 252, 308–310, 312, 330, 338, 344, 356, 358, 364, 370, 375, 393
- explicit curriculum128, 393–395, 397–402, 404–406
F
- face-to-face122, 161–173, 175–176, 179, 182, 211, 326, 329, 379–380, 386, 390
- fan translation106; see also crowdsourcing
- feedback58, 60–64, 68–70, 83, 106, 162–163, 178–179, 235, 239, 244–245, 247, 264, 274-275, 301, 314, 327, 329, 336, 353, 355, 363, 370, 374, 379–380, 383–389, 391, 397–398, 404
- Finland81–83, 85–88, 90-93, 411
- Finnish79, 370
- first language34, 190, 193, 322; see also native language
- fluency120–121, 124, 134, 137, 191, 214–216, 218–219, 234, 313, 401, 406
- foundational
- competence144
- knowledge53, 56, 68, 133–134
- framework13, 41, 77-78, 99–100, 104, 111, 114, 143, 145, 148–149, 151–152, 156, 158, 176, 180–181, 215, 230, 233, 243, 246–247, 249–250, 252, 254, 290, 338, 343–344, 346, 350, 355, 357
- France281, 335, 345, 403
- French79, 142, 215, 217, 306, 321, 345, 358, 363, 371, 375, 399, 402–403, 405
- functionalism215, 229, 234, 237, 243–244
- functionalist approach229, 237
G
- GALAsee Globalization and Localization Association
- genre109, 163, 229, 231–232, 234–235, 237, 243, 245, 255
- Germany109, 151, 335
- gisting166, 216, 218
- global
- citizenship42, 45
- company59
- education25–26, 35–36, 40
- media44
- standard57
- Global South34
- Global Studies29, 43
- globalization3, 25–26, 37, 39, 46, 53, 101, 107, 115, 161, 222, 231, 244, 249, 252, 254, 376
- management system107
- Globalization and Localization Association222
- glocalization36
- grounded theory393, 396
- guidelines163, 180, 304, 314, 320–321, 323–324, 333, 356, 405
H
- HCIsee Human-Computer Interaction
- Heads of Interpreting Services352, 361, 364
- healthcare interpreting57–61, 66, 123, 130, 136; see also medical interpreting
- hidden curriculum6, 142, 150, 393–396, 403–404
- HINTSsee Heads of Interpreting Services
- history30, 62, 104, 133–134, 143, 153, 162, 165, 172, 207, 304, 308, 345–346, 365, 394
- HTsee human translation
- human
- cognition284
- intelligence216
- translation200, 205–206, 208–209, 211–212, 215–217, 219–220, 224–225, 227
- translator70, 205–207, 209–210, 220, 222, 226–227
- Human-Computer Interaction229, 238-240, 245, 254
- humanism30
- Humanities27, 29, 32, 104
- Humboldt model33
- hybrid
- instructional format161, 165
- space36
- hypermedia109
- hypertexts108
- hypertextuality109, 235
I
- Iberian Peninsula218
- ICAOsee International Civil Aviation Organization
- ideological model56
- IELTS79
- illiteracy57–58; see also literacy
- ILOsee International Labor Organization
- implicit curriculum128, 135
- incidental learning325
- industry-driven curriculum3
- information
- age37, 237
- literacy56, 194, 261
- technology108, 111, 167, 194
- theory model274
- information-retrieval system222
- informed practice307, 312, 316
- inquiry-based learning307, 312
- interactivity60, 107, 234, 236–238, 250
- intercultural
- awareness296
- communication25, 41–42, 54, 59, 63, 68, 144, 253, 271, 282, 290–297, 376
- communicative competence42, 45
- mediation25, 43, 220
- studies54, 57
- interlingual translation34, 281
- international
- collaboration99
- communication29, 42, 101, 145
- community99
- law42, 376
- media studies29, 42
- organization2, 54, 189, 198, 344, 357, 364, 369–376, 393–395, 399, 403, 405–407
- standard55, 163, 212, 376
- International Assessment of Adult Competencies56
- International Association of Conference Interpreters71, 121, 261, 264, 266, 288, 309–311, 317, 344, 346, 348, 350, 352, 359–360, 367, 373
- International Civil Aviation Organization347
- International Doctorate in Translation Studies111, 114
- International Labor Organization346–347
- International Monetary Fund39
- International Organization for Standardization55; see also ISO standard
- International Telecommunications Union26
- internationalization25–26, 29, 33–34, 44, 46, 114, 231–232, 236, 253
- internship33, 75-77, 87–89, 92–94, 103, 130, 132–133, 135-137, 196–197, 291, 350–351, 354–355, 363, 370-371, 373-375, 395, 404
- interpretation service350, 356, 362-363, 369, 385
- interpreter education1, 11, 53–55, 57, 64, 70, 119–124, 128–131, 136–137, 141–142, 150–151, 154–155, 157–158, 161–162, 169, 304
- interpreter training55, 57, 65, 143, 150–151, 155, 161–163, 171, 199, 259, 261–263, 265–266, 301, 305, 343, 345, 348–349, 353, 356–359, 364, 375, 379, 381
- interpretingsee also community interpretingsee also conference interpretingsee also consecutive interpretingsee also court interpretingsee also dialogue interpretingsee also healthcare interpretingsee also legal interpretingsee also liaison interpretingsee also medical interpreting
- market372
- practices66, 69, 315, 373
- skills1, 121, 124, 128–130, 133–134, 137, 192, 304, 312, 365
- Interpreting Studies56, 114–121, 149, 161, 188, 302, 372
- intralingual translation129, 281
- ISO standard55, 266; see also International Organization for Standardization
- IT skills261
- Italy81–93
- ITUsee International Telecommunications Union
J
- Japan54–55, 57, 69, 335, 349
- Japan Translation Federation55
- Japanese54–55, 57, 59–60, 62–64, 306, 321, 323, 332
- joint degree103, 113–115
- Joint Inter-Agency Meeting on Computer-Assisted Translation and Terminology215
- Jordan185, 187–189, 197–199
K
- knowledge
- capital27
- capitalism25, 37, 46–47
- economy3, 25–27, 29, 32, 35, 37, 39, 46
- Kuwait185
L
- language
- games239–240
- industry3, 148-149, 187, 192–193, 195, 201, 205–206
- learning7, 29, 40–45, 53, 60, 122, 128, 134, 339, 345, 349
- neutral82, 84, 96, 319, 321, 323-324, 326, 400
- policy28, 43
- processing45, 207, 209, 224, 265
- professional63, 182, 260, 357
- proficiency67, 69, 134, 143–144, 175, 187, 191, 193, 346–347, 361
- requirement77, 122, 384
- technology195, 208, 259
- language-services advisor205-206, 210-212, 219-220, 224, 226–227
- language-specific75–78, 80–84, 94–95, 162, 173, 175, 296–297, 320–322, 327, 339, 372, 375
- law2, 6, 41–42, 57, 59, 63, 123, 143, 293–294, 376
- learner-centered approach65, 162
- learner orientation175
- learning
- autonomy303
- management system168, 176
- outcomes99, 115, 123, 161, 178, 188–190, 283–284, 288
- legal
- interpreting130, 136, 166, 171
- text108, 166
- translation57, 143, 196, 232
- lexicology198
- liaison interpreting144–146, 162, 348, 365
- liberalism3, 25
- life-long learning163, 260
- lingua franca29–30, 34, 43, 142
- linguistic
- anthropology104
- competence106, 191, 288–289
- knowledge 122130, 137, 275–276, 288, 293
- transfer208
- LISA232
- Lisbon32, 382, 412
- literacy11, 25, 27, 30, 33, 37, 45, 47, 53–58, 64–70, 188, 191, 194, 259, 261, 266; see also computer literacysee also illiteracysee also information literacysee also technologyliteracysee also TI literacy
- Literacy Studies56
- literary
- text106, 108, 206, 221
- translation59–62, 64, 144, 146, 211, 329
- locale214, 220, 232, 234, 281
- localization11, 83, 106, 108–109, 114, 164, 186, 192, 198–199, 211, 222, 229–255, 271, 282, 288–290, 295–296, 305, 334
- competence233
- education230, 243–244, 246, 248, 251, 253
- industry233, 288
- kit246
- workflow334
- Localization Studies244, 254
- localizer101, 186, 195, 200, 230, 232–233, 236–240, 245–246, 248, 250–253, 255, 271, 281, 288–289
M
- machine
- interpreting265
- learning209, 222, 265
- translation11, 40, 44, 56–59, 62, 64, 66–70, 105–106, 108, 110, 186, 205–212, 214-220, 222-225, 228, 265, 292, 295, 322–323, 327–329, 332–334see also MT-HT spectrumsee also neural machine translation
- output216, 218, 224
- post-editing40
- system208, 219, 223–224, 333
- Marie Curie Programme102
- market needs8, 13, 101, 155–156, 181, 185, 189, 193, 200
- massive open online courses67, 69, 260
- master-apprentice model2, 338
- mediator233, 237, 240, 245, 348, 254
- medical
- education127, 394
- interpreting164, 166, 171, 198, 295, 348
- text108, 166, 198
- translation198, 214
- memory62, 69, 108–110, 121–122, 139, 158, 165, 205, 215, 217, 219, 222, 285, 289, 291–292, 295, 309, 312, 328, 330–331, 333
- mental health130–131, 133, 163
- Mexico34, 175, 345
- military translation198
- mobility3, 103, 114, 356, 364
- mode108, 155–156, 167, 232, 236, 250, 312–313, 386
- model2–3, 9, 26, 33, 38–39, 45–46, 61, 65, 96, 101, 104, 121, 125–126, 131, 137, 141–143, 150, 167, 206, 224–225, 227, 229–230, 238–241, 243, 274, 283, 285, 319, 321, 329, 343, 349see also communication process model
- curricula8
- MOOCsee massive open online course
- motivation54, 150, 178, 185, 251, 255, 303, 314, 320, 351–352, 362, 369, 372, 395
- MTsee machine translation
- MT-HT spectrum211–212, 215
- multilingual
- classroom297
- community324
- content231
- education26, 37
- glossary199
- practice class319, 322, 336–337, 339
- society3
- multimodality101, 109, 229–230, 236, 239, 254
N
- Nairobi357–358
- National Accreditation Authority for Translators and Interpreters96
- national6, 28, 30–32, 38–40, 44–45, 47, 57, 76–80, 84, 89, 91, 95–96, 100, 109, 114, 120, 150, 193, 196–197, 253, 290, 302, 350, 360–361, 373, 376, 407
- context76, 150, 302
- demands77
- network89
- standard79, 84, 91
- standardization89
- native language187, 195, 287, 384, 405; see also first language
- NATO372
- natural
- language processing45, 265
- sciences143
- neural
- machine translation207, 327
- network264
- New Institutional Economics26
- New Zealand3, 25–28, 30, 38–39, 45, 281, 403
- Newman model33
- note-taking146, 157, 165, 199, 262
- null curriculum128–129, 135
- Nuremberg Trials121, 259, 345–346, 350
O
- object-driven learning229, 254
- Oceania54
- OECD56, 350, 353, 355, 357–358, 361–363, 371–372
- online
- course development170–171
- education69, 161, 171, 182
- instruction168–169
- learning47, 161–162, 167–168, 172–173, 178–182
- translation program208
- Organisation internationale de la francophonie358
- Oriental Language Academy143
- Ottoman Empire142, 150, 345
- outcomessee also affective outcomessee also attitudinal outcomessee also cognitive outcomessee also learning outcomessee also skills-based outcomes
- overt translation211, 214
P
- PAMCITsee Pan-African Masters in Conference Interpreting and Translation
- Pan-African Masters in Conference Interpreting and Translation354, 357–359, 361
- Paris School354
- partner university59, 63, 370, 380, 382, 386, 388–389
- partnerships123, 138, 166, 197, 370, 373
- patent translation208
- pedagogical
- assistance354, 357, 364, 370–372, 374, 379
- rationale149, 153–155
- translation42, 53
- pedagogy13, 120, 124–125, 130, 180, 320
- peer evaluation386
- peer revision325–326
- post-editing40, 57, 62, 69, 110, 186, 195, 198, 216–219, 322–323, 327, 329, 333–334; see also editingsee also pre-editing
- post-structuralism230, 234, 242
- postmodern society36
- practicesee also community of practicesee also deliberate practicesee also informed practicesee also reflective practice
- practice-oriented curriculum301
- practitioner13, 63, 70, 135-136, 238, 240, 244, 261, 297, 302, 344, 381, 396–398, 404
- pragmatics188, 208, 271–272, 284
- pre-editing322, 329, 333–334; see also editingsee also post-editing
- problem-solving skills206
- procedural knowledge225, 243, 283–284, 296
- process-oriented approach126
- product-oriented approach126
- professional
- association57, 154, 260–261, 266, 344, 358
- community260, 324
- competence76, 96, 155
- development164, 169, 260, 369, 375, 396
- environment65
- ethics165, 309, 311
- interpreter311, 349, 380–382, 393, 395–397, 400–403
- practice2, 57, 94, 99, 133–135, 158, 349
- practice course119, 129–130, 135
- skills8, 79, 195, 266, 305, 354, 366, 395
- standard355, 362, 406
- training53, 93, 128, 187, 305, 349, 365
- translator2, 11, 54–55, 57, 67–68, 70, 87, 94, 207, 209, 57, 211, 216-220, 223, 301, 332, 358
- professionalization87, 110, 123, 163, 301, 310, 344, 364, 394
- project
- management105, 107, 172, 186, 232, 243, 291, 295
- manager101, 186, 195, 200, 205–206, 210, 233–234, 253, 290–291
- project-based learning125, 135, 230
- proofreading186, 195, 200, 214
- public
- service interpreting162
- speaking2, 102, 295, 311, 344
Q
- qualifications57, 99–100, 111, 143–144, 158, 164, 229, 232–233, 237, 248, 251, 343–344, 361
- quality assurance34, 89, 103, 255, 356
R
- reflective
- essay393–394, 396–397, 404
- journal304
- practice163, 313
- teaching68–69
- Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf123–124, 136
- relay interpreting68, 400–401
- Relevance theory272, 276, 284–286
- remote
- interpreting262–264
- training376
- research
- activities89, 264, 313
- class303–304, 313
- course301, 305, 315
- design323
- method11, 101, 103, 105, 113, 130, 133, 307, 314
- methodology10, 82, 104, 112, 308-309, 323
- project70, 92, 102, 104, 111–113, 133, 189, 253, 313–314, 325
- skills104, 111–113, 134, 166, 188, 194
- technique113, 319
- thesis88, 92
- topic101, 105, 135, 314
- research-oriented credit91
- Research Group in Translation and Postmonolingualism36
- retour369, 375, 385
- reviewer186, 288, 327, 332
- reviser101, 109, 325
- RIDsee Registry of Interpreters for the Deaf
- role-play60, 68–69, 226, 335
- rule-based MT207, 222
S
- Saudi Arabia185
- scaffolding176, 303, 310
- self-assessment135, 388
- self-evaluation327, 386, 389
- self-revision326
- semiotics229, 238–239, 242, 245, 254
- Senegal358
- sight translation146, 164, 166, 189, 312, 353, 371, 374–375
- signed language119–120, 122–124, 128–131, 136–137
- interpreting59, 119, 128–129
- simultaneous interpreting2, 66, 121–122, 128, 130, 134, 146, 149, 157, 164, 166, 196, 259, 289, 295, 307, 309–310, 312, 344, 371, 374, 393, 396
- situated learning2, 33, 120, 136
- skillssee also adaptive skillssee also digital skillssee also interpreting skillssee also IT skillssee also problem-solving skillssee also professional skillssee also research skillssee also translator skills
- skills-based
- learning284
- outcomes271, 283, 288, 292, 296
- Skopos theory63–64
- social-constructivist approach65
- social media36, 45, 229, 260
- sociocultural approach55
- source language66, 190, 387, 399, 402
- Spain175, 403, 406
- specialization75, 78, 84, 104, 109, 144, 146–148, 156, 158, 164, 190–192, 194, 198, 232
- speech recognition265, 295
- stakeholder6, 13, 154, 157–158, 212–215, 217, 240, 358
- perspective13, 142, 154
- strategy2, 5, 59, 61, 65, 86, 95, 102, 108, 120–122, 166, 189–190, 232, 237, 244, 247, 251–252, 266, 283, 286, 291, 293–294, 301, 304, 314, 379
- statistical machine translation44, 207-208, 222-223, 328
- student-centered65, 125, 307
- student evaluation336
- subtitling36, 56, 59, 62-64, 83, 195, 213, 328; see also dubbing
- syllabus4–5, 9, 11, 83, 103, 167, 172–173, 177, 179–180, 226, 230, 248, 321, 328, 336
- design180, 230
T
- Taiwan406
- target language66, 130, 188–191, 199, 211–212, 214, 217, 221, 290, 322, 351, 397, 399, 404–405
- competence188
- task-based319, 324–326, 339
- discovery319, 339
- teaching325
- technology
- literacy11, 259, 266
- knowledge288, 292–295
- terminologist101, 109, 186, 195, 200
- terminology1, 5–6, 79, 82, 105–106, 110, 114, 144–146, 157–158, 165, 181, 198–199, 215, 217, 219, 232, 255, 259, 264, 289, 291, 294–295, 313, 323, 353–354, 366, 376
- management1, 157, 232, 289, 291, 294–295
- software259
- testing2, 134, 143, 208, 211, 232, 316, 331, 347, 355, 380–381
- text
- analysis134, 166
- type63, 108-109, 189, 217, 323, 327, 330, 232, 234, 243
- TI literacy53–58, 64–70
- transcreation36, 101, 211, 214, 236–238, 244, 255
- translationsee also amateur translationsee also audiovisual translationsee also Bible translation
- brief215, 234, 237
- competence43, 188, 224–225, 227, 233, 255, 271
- management85, 186, 295
- market64, 75, 79, 304
- method64, 332
- practice75, 83–84, 93–95, 196, 272, 285–286, 290–291, 294, 297, 304, 319–321, 338
- strategy190, 244, 294
- technique166, 316
- technology45, 87, 321, 324
- theory75–77, 89–90, 93–94, 196, 229, 238, 254, 274, 293–294, 301, 304, 306, 315, 328
- tool62, 65–67, 69, 196, 198
- translation memory44, 62, 69, 105, 108, 158, 186, 205, 217, 219, 259, 289, 291–292, 295, 330–331, 333
- database215, 222
- segmentation328
- translator
- competence2, 56, 206, 288
- education33, 65, 226
- skills9
- tools207
- training33, 65, 75–76, 192–193, 195–196, 230, 241, 254–255, 339
U
- UNESCO5–6, 41, 56, 350, 370, 372
- United Arab Emirates185
- United Kingdom3, 25, 27, 38, 84, 86, 95–96, 260
- United Nations346–348, 350–351, 353, 355, 357, 363, 371
- United States4, 6, 119, 122–124, 128, 131, 135, 137, 217, 260, 277, 281, 357, 403
- US Department of State371–372
V
- Venezuela332–333
- video conferencing67, 168, 263-264, 295, 372, 376, 380, 382
W
- webinar260–261
- World Bank39
- World Trade Organization355
Z
- Zone of Proximal Development126
