Article published In: Issues in the Teaching and Learning of Japanese
Edited by Nicolette Bramley and Naoko Hanamura
[Australian Review of Applied Linguistics. Series S 15] 1998
► pp. 57–76
Referential choice in foreigner talk and in learners’ speech in Japanese
Published online: 1 January 1998
https://doi.org/10.1075/aralss.15.04kaw
https://doi.org/10.1075/aralss.15.04kaw
Abstract
This study of referential choice by Japanese native speakers and learners of Japanese has revealed some significant features in three different types of speech: 1) NS (native speaker)-NS interaction; 2) FT (foreigner talk) and; 3) NNSs’ (non-native speakers’) speech production. The study revealed that both NS in FT and NNS simplified their referential choices. It demonstrates, moreover, that the development of referential choice by NNS correlates with their acquisition of syntax. This experiment was conducted to determine the underlying mechanism for referential choice. The results indicate that potential ambiguity and attention/focus shift affected the referential choices for both NS and NNS of Japanese. Excessive use of both full NPs and ellipsis were observed in NNS speech; by contrast only excessive use of full NPs was observed in FT. This may be explained in terms of the different underlying mechanisms for referential choice used by NS and NNS: different cognitive orientations in the use of two principles of speech production: 1) the clarity principle; and 2) the information economy principle (Williams 1988). Furthermore, the development of use of full NP and ellipsis by NNS varied according to their level of syntactic development.
日本語要旨
本稿の主な目的は、日本語のフォーリナー・トークと学習者の スピーチにおいて、どのような前方照応の指示語(anaphoric reference)が選択されているかを分析することであるO 更に、 それが、どのように母国語話者の選択と異なっているかを報告 するO 指示語の選択について分析する際、3つの変更(①先行 詞となり得る名詞句の数、②先行詞と指示語の間にある節 (clause)の数、③段落変更の有無)を用い、統計テストを行っ た。その結果、母国語話者のスヒーチを対照として、ブォーリ ナー・トーク/学習者のスピーチを比較した場合、ブォーリナ ー・トークでも学習者のスピーチでも、名詞句が指示語として 過剰に使用されていることが明らかになった。そのA 方、指示 語の省略の過剰使用は学習者のスヒーチのみに見られ、フォー リナー・トークには認められなかった。これは、フォーリナー・ トークと学宵者のスヒーチの根底にある言語的簡略化 (linguistic simplification)の方略の違いを示すものであると忠 われるO
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