Article published In: Australian Review of Applied Linguistics
Vol. 23:1 (2000) ► pp.53–76
Some characteristics of fathers’ and mothers’ speech to young children
Published online: 1 January 2000
https://doi.org/10.1075/aral.23.1.04gal
https://doi.org/10.1075/aral.23.1.04gal
Abstract
This study investigated a range of formal, conversational and functional aspects of fathers’ and mothers’ speech to children aged 2;6-3;8 in two dyadic contexts (book reading and puzzle play), and one triadic context (family mealtime). Speech situation influenced the type of speech produced, and parents’ speech changed in a similar direction across contexts. Nevertheless, there were some differences found between parents across tasks. There was little difference between parents in respect of formal characteristics of speech, but differences were evidenced at the pragmatic level.
References (49)
Barton, M.E. and M. Tomasello (1994) The rest of the family: the role of fathers and siblings in early language development. In C. Gallaway and B.J. Richards (eds) Input and interaction in language acquisition. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Bellinger, D.C. and J. B. Gleason (1982) Sex differences in parental directives to young children. Sex Roles 81: 1123–1139.
Blount, B.G. and E. J. Padgug (1976) Mother and father speech: distribution of parental speech features in English and Spanish. Papers and Reports on Child Language Development, 121: 47–59.
Blum-Kulka, S. (1990) ‘You don’t touch lettuce with your fingers’: parental politeness in family discourse. Journal of Pragmatics 141: 259–288.
Bredart-Compernol, C., J.A. Rondal and F. Peree (1981) More about maternal and paternal speech to language learning children in various dyadic and triadic situational contexts. International Journal of Psycholinguistics 241: 149–168.
Caldera, Y.M., A.C. Huston and M. O’Brien (1989) Social interactions and play patterns of parents and toddlers with feminine, masculine, and neutral toys. Child Development 601: 70–76.
Davidson, R.G., and C. E. Snow (1996) Five-year-olds’ interactions with fathers versus mothers. First Language 161: 223–242.
De Temple, J.M., and D. E. Beals (1991) Family talk: sources of support for the development of decontextualised language skills. Journal of Research in Childhood Education 61: 11–19.
Döpke, S. (1990) Are mothers really the main mediators of language? In M.A.K. Halliday, J. Gibbons and H. Nicholas (eds) Learning, keeping and using language Vol 1. Amsterdam/Philadelphia, John Benjamins.
Engle, M. (1980a) Family influences on the language development of young children. Women’s Studies International Quarterly 31: 259–266.
(1980b) Language and play: a comparative analysis of parental initiatives. In H. Giles, W.P. Robinson and P. M. Smith (eds) Language: social psychological perspectives. Oxford, Pergamon Press.
Fash, D.S. and C. L. Madison (1981) Parents’ language interaction with young children: a comparative study of mothers and fathers. Child Study Journal 111: 137–153.
Garton, A.F. (1992) Social interaction and the development of language and cognition. Oxford, Blackwell.
Gleason, J.B. (1975) Fathers and other strangers: men’s speech to young children. In D. Dato (ed.) Developmental psycholinguistics: theory and applications. Washington, D.C., Georgetown University Press.
(1987) Sex differences in parent-child interaction. In S.U. Phillips, S. Steele and C. Tanz (eds) Language, gender and sex in comparative perspective. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
Gleason, J.B. and R. Y. Perlmann (1985) Acquiring social variation in speech. In H. Giles and R.N. St. Clair (eds) Recent advances in language, communication and social psychology. London, Lawrence Erlbaum.
Gleason, J.B. and S. Weintraub (1978) Input language and the acquisition of communicative competence. In K. Nelson (ed.) Children’s language, Vol 11. New York, Gardner Press.
Golinkoff, R.M. and G. J. Ames (1979) A comparison of fathers’ and mothers’ speech with their young children. Child Development 501: 28–32.
Greif, E.B. (1980) Sex differences in parent-child conversations. Women’s Studies International Quarterly 31: 253–258.
Hasan, R. and C. Cloran (1990) A sociolinguistic interpretation of everyday talk between mothers and children. In M.A.K. Halliday, J. Gibbons and H. Nicholas (eds) Learning keeping and using language Vol 1. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Hladik, E.G. and H. T. Edwards (1984) A comparative analysis of mother-father speech in the naturalistic home environment. Journal of Psychoiinguistic Research 111: 465–483.
Hoff-Ginsberg, E. (1991) Mother-child conversation in different social classes and communicative settings. Child Development 621: 782–796.
Hummel, D.D. (1982) Syntactic and conversational characteristics of fathers’ speech. Journal of Psychoiinguistic Research 111: 465–483.
Kavanaugh, R.D. and M. Jen (1981) Some relationships between parental speech and language development. First Language 21:103–115.
Kavanaugh, R.D. and A. M. Jirkovsky (1982) Parental speech to young children: a longitudinal analysis. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly 281:297–311.
Lewis, C. and S. Gregory (1987) Parents’ talk to their children: the importance of context. First Language 71:201–216.
Lipscomb, T. and R. Coon (1983) Parental speech modifications to young children. Journal of Genetic Psychology 1431:181–187.
Malone, MJ. and R. F. Guy (1982) A comparison of mothers’ and fathers’ speech to their 3 year-old sons. Journal of Psychoiinguistic Research 111:599–608.
Mannle, S. and M. Tomasello (1987) Fathers, siblings and the bridge hypothesis. In K.E. Nelson and A. Van Kleek (eds) Children’s Language, Vol. 61 Hillsdale, N.J., Lawrence Erlbaum.
Masur, E.F. (1982) Cognitive content of parents’ speech to preschoolers. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly 281:471–484.
McLaughlin, B., C. Schutz and D. White (1980) Parental speech to five-year-old children in a game-playing situation. Child Development 511:580–582.
McLaughlin, B.,D. White, T. McDevitt and R. Raskin (1983) Mothers’ and fathers’ speech to their young children: similar or different? Journal of Child Language 101:245–252.
O’Brien, M. and K. J. Nagle (1987) Parents’ speech to toddlers: the effect of play context. Journal of Child Language 141:269–279.
Pellegrini, A.D., G. Brody and Z. Stoneman (1987) Children’s conversational competence with their parents. Discourse Processes 101:93–106.
Quirk, R., S. Greenbaum, G. Leech and J. Svartvik (1985) A comprehensive grammar of the English language. London, Longman.
Ratner, N.B. (1988) Patterns of parental vocabulary selection in speech to very young children. Journal of Child Language 151:481–492.
Richards, J., J. Platt and H. Weber (1985) Longman dictionary of applied linguistics. Harlow, U.K., Longman.
Rondal, J.A. (1980) Fathers’ and mothers’ speech in early language development. Journal of Child Language 71:353–369.
Sinclair, J. McH. and R. M. Coulthard (1975) Towards an analysis of discourse. Oxford, Oxford University Press.
Snow, C.E. (1984) Parent-child interaction and the development of communicative ability. In R.L. Schiefelbusch and J. Pickar (eds) The acquisition of communicative competence. Baltimore, University Park Press.
Snow, C.E., A. Arlman-Rupp, Y. Hassing, J. Jobse, J. Joosten, and J. Vorster (1976) Mothers’ speech in three social classes. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 5,1: 1–20.
Stoneman, Z., and G. H. Brody (1981) Two’s company, three makes a difference: an examination of mothers’ and fathers’ speech to their young children. Child Development 521:705–707.
Tomasello, M., G. Conti-Ramsden and B. Ewert (1990) Young children’s conversations with their mothers and fathers: differences in breakdown andrepair. Journal of Child Language 171:115–130.
