Article published In: Australian Review of Applied Linguistics
Vol. 46:3 (2023) ► pp.316–338
International students’ language socialization in an English-medium university
A socio-spatial lens
Published online: 21 December 2021
https://doi.org/10.1075/aral.21035.sal
https://doi.org/10.1075/aral.21035.sal
Abstract
This article investigates second language socialization of three international students in a tertiary institute in New Zealand. To understand the experiences of international students, the article draws on the theoretical framework of the production of space to examine how the students experienced their new social space. The article uses multiple sources of data including video/audio recordings of the classroom interaction, field notes, interviews with the focal students/teachers/tutors/lecturers, diaries, and institutional documents to provide a thick description of students’ participation, language socialization, and identities. It does a within and across case analysis of the students’ experience to situate the learning experiences but at the same time to highlight the role of space as a participating social being in the socialization process. The concepts of language socialization and identities are reconceptualized as ever-evolving and ever-changing phenomena, whose production depends on the social conditions and relationships in the social space.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Literature review
- 2.1Language socialization
- 2.2Production of space
- 3.Methodology
- 3.1Participants
- 3.2Data collection
- 3.3Data analysis
- 4.Findings
- 4.1Helen’s experience
- 4.2Kevin’s experience
- 4.3Shelly’s experience
- 4.4Helen’s, Kevin’s, and Shelly’s cross-case comparisons and analyses
- 4.5Participation
- 4.6Identities
- 4.7Language socialization from a spatial perspective
- 5.Discussion
- 6.Conclusion
- Note
References
References (49)
Ahearn, L. M. (2010). Agency and language. In J. Verschueren, J.-O. Ostman, & J. Japsers (Eds), Handbook of pragmarics (pp. 28–48). John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Brooks, R., & Waters, J. (2013). Student mobilities, migration and the internationalization of higher education. Palgrave Macmillan.
Burdelski, M. J., & Howard, K. M. (2020). Language socialization in classrooms: Culture, interaction, and language development. Cambridge University Press.
Candlin, C. N., & Sarangi, S. (2003). Introduction: Trading between reflexivity and relevance: New challenges for applied linguistics. Applied Linguistics,
24
(3), 271–285.
Castelló, M., Inesta, A., Pardo, M., Liesa, E., & Martínez-Fernández, R. (2012). Tutoring the end-of-studies dissertation: Helping psychology students find their academic voice when revising academic texts. Higher Education,
63
(1), 97–115.
Darvin, R., & Norton, B. (2015). Identity and a model of investment in applied linguistics. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics,
35
1, 36–56.
Denzin, N. K., & Lincoln, Y. S. (2011). Introduction: The discipline and practice of qualitative research. In N. Denzin & Y. Lincoln (Eds.), The Sage handbook of qualitative research (pp. 1–20). Sage.
Doyle, S., Gendall, P., Meyer, L. H., Hoek, J., Tait, C., McKenzie, L., & Loorparg, A. (2010). An investigation of factors associated with student participation in study abroad. Journal of Studies in International Education,
14
(5), 471–490.
Dryden, S., Tankosić, A., & Dovchin, S. (2021). Foreign language anxiety and translanguaging as an emotional safe space: Migrant English as a foreign language learners in Australia. System,
101
, 102593, 1–12.
Duff, P. (2010). Language socialization into academic discourse communities. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics,
30
1, 169–192.
Duff, P. A. (2012). Identity, agency, and SLA. In A. Mackey & S. Gass (Eds.), Handbook of second language acquisition (pp. 410–426). Routledge.
Duff, P., & Doherty, L. (2015). Examining agency in (second) language socialization research. In P. Deters, X. Gao, E. R. Miller, & G. Vitanova (Eds.), Interdisciplinary approaches to theorizing and analyzing agency and second language learning (pp. 54–72). Multilingual Matters.
Duff, P., & Talmy, S. (2011). Language socialization approaches to second language acquisition: Social, cultural, and linguistic development in additional languages. In D. Atkinson (Ed.), Alternative approaches to second language acquisition (pp. 107–128). Routledge.
Ferenz, O. (2005). EFL writers’ social networks: Impact on advanced academic literacy development. Journal of English for Academic Purposes,
4
(4), 339–351.
Friedman, D. A. (2019). Citation as a social practice in a TESOL graduate program: A language socialization approach. Journal of Second Language Writing,
44
1, 23–36.
Garrett, P. B., & Baquedano-López, P. (2002). Language socialization: Reproduction and continuity, transformation and change. Annual Review of Anthropology,
31
(1), 339–361.
Groves, O., Chen, H., & Verenikina, I. (2020). “Actually, in my culture…”: Identity, positioning, and intersubjectivity in cross-cultural interviews. Australian Review of Applied Linguistics (Advance online publication).
Kanno, Y., & Norton, B. (2003). Immagined communities and educational possibilities: Introduction. Journal of Language , Identity, and Education,
2
(4), 241–149.
Matsumura, S. (2001). Learning the rules for offering advice: A quantitative approach to second language socialization. Language Learning,
51
(4), 635–679.
Mercer, N., & Howe, C. (2012). Explaining the dialogic processes of teaching and learning: The value and potential of sociocultural theory. Learning, Culture and Social Interaction,
1
(1), 12–21.
Morita, N. (2004). Negotiating participation and identity in second language academic communities. TESOL Quarterly,
38
(4), 573–603.
Morita, N., & Kobayashi, M. (2008). Academic discourse socialization in a second language. In N. H. Hornbeger (Ed.), Encyclopedia of language and education (Vol. 81, pp. 243–255). Springer.
Norton, B. (2013). Identity and language learning: Extending the conversation. Multilingual Matters.
Norton, B., & Toohey, K. (2004). Critical pedagogies and language learning. Cambridge University Press.
Pennycook, A. (2001). Critical applied linguistics: A critical introduction. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Schieffelin, B. B., & Ochs, E. (1986). Language socialization. Annual Review of Anthropology,
15
(1), 163–191.
Seloni, L. (2012). Academic literacy socialization of first year doctoral students in US: A micro-ethnographic perspective. English for Specific Purposes,
31
(1), 47–59.
Soltani, B. (2015). International students’ language socialization in New Zealand tertiary institutions: A spatial analysis (Unpublished Doctoral dissertation). Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand.
(2018). Academic socialization as the production and negotiation of social space. Linguistics and Education,
45
1, 20–30.
(2021a). International students’ socialization and transition experinces in high school: An empirical study. In T. Pham & B. Soltani (Eds.), Enhancing student education transitions and employability: From theory to practice (pp. 49–68). Routledge.
(2021b). Transitioning to vocational education: An investigation in experiences of international students. In T. Pham & B. Soltani (Eds.), Enhancing student education transitions and employability: From theory to practice (pp. 81–106). Routledge.
Soltani, B., & Loret, J. P. (2018). Developing capabilities at a New Zealand tertairy institution: From foreign learners to socialised international students. Scope,
5
1, 47–51.
Soltani, B., & Tran, L. T. (2021). From imagined community to imagined social space: The case of three international students. Transitions: Journal of Transient Migration,
5
(2), 101–120.
Vickers, C. H. (2007). Second language socialization through team interaction among electrical and computer engineering students. Modern Language Journal,
91
(4), 621–640.
Watson-Gegeo, K. A., & Gegeo, D. W. (1986). Calling-out and repeating routines in Kwara’ae Children’s language socialization. In B. B. Schieffelin & E. Ochs (Eds.), Language socialization across cultures (pp. 17–50). Cambridge University Press.
Watson-Gegeo, K. A. (2004). Mind, language, and epistemology: Toward a language socialization paradigm for SLA. Modern Language Journal,
88
(3), 331–350.
Xu, L. L., & Zhang, L. J. (2019). L2 doctoral students’ experiences in thesis writing in an English-medium university in New Zealand. Journal of English for Academic Purposes,
41
(100779), 1–13.
Yin, Y., Chik, A., & Falloon, G. (2021). Understanding the translingual practices among international students in multilingual cities. Australian Review of Applied Linguistics, 1–22. (Advance online publication).
Zappa-Hollman, S. (2007). The academic literacy socialization of Mexican exchange students at a Canadian university (Unpublished Doctoral dissertation). University of British Columbia, Canada.
Zhang, L. J. (2010). Negotiating language, literacy and identity: A sociocultural perspective on children’s learning strategies in a multilingual ESL classroom in Singapore. Applied Linguistics Review,
1
(1), 247–270.
(2021). Crossing literacy borders through writing: Transformational apprenticeship and repositioning of EAL learners. In A. Golden, L. Kulbrandstad, & L. J. Zhang (Eds.), Crossing borders, writing texts, being evaluated: Cultural and disciplinary norms in academic writing (pp. 147–164). Multilingual Matters.
Cited by (7)
Cited by seven other publications
Soltani, Behnam & Lawrence Jun Zhang
2025. Implementing feedback literacy practices through self-assessment and peer feedback. Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 48:2 ► pp. 425 ff.
Soltani, Behnam & William E. Donald
Soltani, Behnam & Michael Tomlinson
Zuo, Hongshan, Yuan Guo, James McDougall & Wenzhong Zhang
Soltani, Behnam & Ly Tran
Soltani, Behnam, Ly Tran & Amir Reza
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 1 december 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
