Article published In: Asia-Pacific Language Variation
Vol. 10:1 (2024) ► pp.1–39
Honorifics in child-directed speech
Published online: 8 August 2024
https://doi.org/10.1075/aplv.23004.hil
https://doi.org/10.1075/aplv.23004.hil
Abstract
How are honorifics, which are socially meaningful and socially conditioned, acquired, when their appearance in
child-directed speech cannot replicate their use in adult-directed speech? In this paper, we conduct corpus and experimental
studies aimed at characterizing the use of honorifics in child-directed speech in Korean. We find that the addressee honorific
-yo is present at notable rates in child-directed speech, although the use of -yo in
child-directed utterances is rated less natural than its absence. We further find that while -yo is given lower
ratings for the presence of relevant social meanings when in child-directed speech compared to adult-directed speech, the use of
-yo in child-directed speech is still significantly associated with these meanings. This suggests that while
the presence of honorifics in child-directed speech is somewhat unexpected, such uses of honorifics nonetheless carry relevant
information about the social meaning of honorifics.
Keywords: honorifics, child-directed speech, Korean, social meaning
Abstract (Korean)
사회적인 의미를 지니고 사회적 요소들에 의해 좌우되는 경어가 아동 지향어에 나타나는 경우에는 성인 지향어에서의 경어의 쓰임을 그대로 반영하지 않는다. 그럼에도 불구하고 아이들은 어떻게 경어를
습득하는가? 본 논문은 말뭉치 연구와 실험 연구를 통해 한국어 아동 지향어에서의 경어의 쓰임에 대해 논술하려고 한다. 실험 결과, 청자 경어 ‘요’가 들어간 아동 지향 발화는 청자 경어가 나타나지 않는 아동 지향 발화보다 덜
자연스럽다고 밝혀지는 반면, 말뭉치 연구 결과에서는 ‘요’가 아동 지향어에 상당한 비율로 나타난다고 밝혀진다. 또한, 실험 결과, ‘요’가 아동 지향어에 나타나는 경우에는 성인 지향어에 나타나는 경우보다 관련된 사회적 의미의 해석에
대한 평가가 낮음에도 불구하고 아동 지향어에 쓰이는 ‘요’ 역시 그 사회적 의미들을 상당한 정도 표현한다고 또한 밝혀진다. 이 결과는 아동 지향어에서의 경어의 쓰임이 다소 규범적이지 않음에도 불구하고 경어의 사회적 의미에 대한 적절한
정보를 담고 있음을 의미한다.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Background
- 2.1Korean Honorifics
- 2.2Politeness in child-directed speech
- 2.3This study
- 3.Corpus data
- 3.1Honorifics in child-directed speech
- 3.2Child uses of honorifics
- 4.Interim discussion
- 5.Experiment
- 5.1Method
- 5.1.1Participants
- 5.1.2Stimuli
- 5.1.3Procedure
- 5.2Results
- 5.2.1Naturalness block
- 5.2.2Social meaning block
- 5.2.3Written responses and comments
- 5.1Method
- 6.Discussion
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
References
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