Variability in clusters and continuums

This study explores the sociolinguistic situation of a metropolitan Manila Lannang community based on data gathered between 2017 and 2020. A survey was administered to 117 individuals to probe into various dimensions of self-reported language use (e.g., proficiency, confidence) and attitudes (e.g., pride). The results show that, among the Lannangs, there is a range of language use and attitudes, with age and other social factors such as identity impacting the scope of this variability. This variability appears to progress along a continuum in some areas, while forming cluster patterns in others. An examination of the contemporary data alongside data from investigations done in the late 1980s and 1990s reveals some disparities, pointing to generational shifts in language use. The findings demonstrate that the sociolinguistic situation of the Manila Lannang community is unique, dynamic, and complex, enabling us to gain some insights and a nuanced view of the sociolinguistic landscape of the broader Asia-Pacific region.

本研究於2017至2020年間，探討了馬尼拉大都會的一個Lannang (咱儂) 族群的社會語言狀況。本研究對117個個體進行調查，以探究語言使用（例如：熟練程度、舒適度、信心）及態度（例如：自豪感）的各個方面。結果顯示，咱儂族群中語言使用和態度有一系列不同，年齡及其他社會因素，如身份，都會影響這種變異程度。在某些區域，這種變異呈現連續性，而在其他區域則形成凝聚模式。將當代數據與上世紀80年代末和90年代的調查結果進行比較，發現存在某些差異，指出語言使用存在代际變化。這些發現表明，馬尼拉地區的咱儂社區的社會語言狀況是獨特的、動態的和複雜的，可以為我們對更廣泛的亞太地區的社會語言景觀的認識提供一些見解和細緻入微的觀點。