Article published In: Asian Languages and Linguistics
Vol. 2:2 (2021) ► pp.135–166
Temporal realization of multimodally designed enactment in Japanese talk-in-interaction
Published online: 27 January 2022
https://doi.org/10.1075/alal.21002.ari
https://doi.org/10.1075/alal.21002.ari
Abstract
This article explores the issue of temporality and projectability regarding the production of enactments – stretches of talk designed as there-and-then verbal and/or non-verbal behaviors – in Japanese conversations. As word order is a
practice that interactants employ for projecting the shape of an upcoming turn, the predicate-final structure of Japanese leads to
“delayed projectability” (Fox, Barbara, Hayashi, Makoto & Jasperson, Robert. (1996). Resources
and repair: A cross-linguistic study of syntax and repair. In Elinor Ochs, Emanuel A. Schegloff & Sandra A. Thompson (Eds.), Interaction
and
grammar (pp. 185–237). Cambridge University Press. ; Tanaka, Hiroko. (1999). Turn-taking
in Japanese conversation: A study in grammar and interaction. John Benjamins. , . (2000). Turn
projection in Japanese talk-in-interaction. Research on Language and Social
Interaction,
33
(1), 1–38. ). Japanese enactments are no exception. In
English, “she said” is prototypically produced before enactment and projects a forthcoming utterance as enactment (Lerner, Gene H. & Takagi, Tomoyo. (1999). On
the place of linguistic resources in the organization of talk-in-interaction: A co-investigation of English and Japanese
grammatical practices. Journal of
Pragmatics,
31
(1), 49–75. ; (1987). Recycled turn beginnings: A
precise repair mechanism in conversation’s turn-taking
organization. In Graham Button & John R. E. Lee (Eds.), Talk
and social
organization (pp. 70–85). University of California Press.). In
Japanese, however, syntactic markings of enactment appear after enactment and thus retrospectively indicate preceding enactment.
Despite the syntactically delayed projectability, the Japanese interactants rarely exhibit difficulty in comprehending enactments.
This article demonstrates that the projection of Japanese enactment is assisted by various linguistic and/or non-linguistic
resources accumulated in preparation for the launch of enactment and deployed within the design of enactment.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Literature review
- 2.1Formation of Japanese enactment
- 2.2Projection
- 3.Method, data, and transcript notations
- 4.Data analysis
- 4.1Preliminary: Early responses to enactment turns
- 4.2Vocal enactment’s compositional features and its projectability
- 4.3Compound TCU as a projection resource for non-vocal enactment
- 4.4Co-production of enacted materials
- 5.Conclusion
- Notes
- Abbreviations
References
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