In:Pardon my French?: Dutch–French language contact in the Netherlands (1500–1900)
Gijsbert Rutten, Andreas Krogull, Brenda Assendelft and Jill Puttaert
[Advances in Historical Sociolinguistics 15] 2026
► pp. v–viii
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Available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 license.
For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at rights@benjamins.nl.
Published online: 9 March 2026
https://doi.org/10.1075/ahs.15.toc
https://doi.org/10.1075/ahs.15.toc
Table of contents
PrefaceIX
Chapter 1.Introduction1
1.1Frenchification and the need for research1
1.2Analysing historical multilingualism and language contact3
1.3The time, place, and contact setting: The Netherlands, 1500–1900, and Dutch-French contact6
1.4Overview of the book9
Chapter 2.Sociohistorical context and contact settings11
2.1Introduction11
2.2European francophonie12
2.3International prestige language14
2.4Migration16
2.5Huguenots, Walloon churches and the Waals
college19
2.6French journalists and publishers22
2.7French schools24
2.8Materials and practices for teaching and learning French27
2.9Reading culture and translated French29
2.10Discussion33
Chapter 3.Language-ideological conflict sites34
3.1European francophobia34
3.2Language ideologies37
3.3Language-ideological conflict sites39
3.3.1Purism40
3.3.2French Classicism and the War of the Poets46
3.3.3Periodicals and citizenship50
3.3.4The standard language ideology and the nation-state54
3.3.5The refunctionalisation of French57
3.4Discussion61
Chapter 4.Language choice in the public domain and in ego-documents63
4.1Introduction63
4.2The public domain64
4.2.1Newspapers64
4.2.2Pamphlets71
4.3Ego-documents79
4.4Discussion89
Chapter 5.Language choice in private family correspondence90
5.1Introduction90
5.2Data and methodology91
5.2.1Collecting archival data92
5.2.2Compiling databases93
5.2.3Categorising language choice94
5.2.4Selecting letter data98
5.2.5Representing language choice99
5.2.6Final dataset100
5.3Quantitative analysis and results101
5.3.1Language choice across time102
5.3.2Language choice across space104
5.3.3Language choice across gender106
5.3.4Language choice across familial relationships109
5.4Discussion112
Chapter 6.Language choice in business correspondence115
6.1Introduction115
6.2Data and methodology117
6.3Selected families120
6.4Results122
6.4.1Language choice across families122
6.4.2Language choice within families126
6.5Discussion131
Chapter 7.Language choice and language shift in Leiden:
The Luzac family135
The Luzac family135
7.1Introduction135
7.2Historical background136
7.2.1The city of Leiden136
7.2.2The Luzac family137
7.3Data and methodology139
7.4Macro-level analysis140
7.4.1Method140
7.4.2Language choice across time142
7.4.3Language choice across domains144
7.4.4Preliminary conclusion147
7.5Micro-level analysis: Private correspondence148
7.5.1Method148
7.5.2Jean Luzac (1746–1807)149
7.5.3Lodewijk Caspar Luzac (1785–1861)151
7.5.4Preliminary conclusion153
7.6Discussion154
Chapter 8.The Language of Leiden Corpus157
8.1Introduction157
8.2The choice for Leiden157
8.3Compiling the LOL Corpus158
8.3.1Time158
8.3.2Social domain160
8.3.3Selecting textual materials163
8.3.4Administrative v. non-administrative texts166
8.3.5Transcription principles167
8.3.6Structure of the LOL Corpus168
Chapter 9.Loan suffixes170
9.1Introduction170
9.2Loan morphology in Dutch170
9.3Method175
9.4Loan suffixes across time178
9.5Loan suffixes across social domains181
9.6Social domains and time187
9.7Discussion190
Chapter 10.Loanwords193
10.1Introduction193
10.2Analysing borrowing and loanwords193
10.3Method197
10.4Loanwords across time200
10.5Moment of borrowing v. community life of loanwords204
10.6Loanwords across social domains207
10.7Social domains and time214
10.8Loanwords as lexical variables223
10.9Discussion232
Chapter 11.Present participle constructions236
11.1Introduction236
11.2Present participles and borrowing scales236
11.3Method241
11.4Participial constructions across time244
11.5Participial constructions across social domains245
11.6Social domains and time249
11.7Auxiliary verbs in participial constructions253
11.8Discussion256
Chapter 12.Relative pronouns258
12.1Introduction258
12.2Relative pronouns in the history of Dutch258
12.3Method263
12.4Relative pronouns across time264
12.5Relative pronouns across social domains267
12.6Social domains and time271
12.7Functions of relative clauses272
12.8Discussion276
Chapter 13.Synthesis and outlook278
13.1Synthesis278
13.2Analysing historical multilingualism287
References291
Index
