In this article multilingual education is discussed in connection and comparison with bilingual education. An overview of the various forms of multilingual education and teaching is presented, focusing on the socio- and psycholinguistic aspects of multilingual learning. The question of the ideal onset age in a multilingual classroom is dealt with in more detail. Recent research in the Basque Country provides insight into the complexity of multilingual education. The discussion ends with a plea for a multilingual approach to multilingualism.
Cited by (25)
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2026. DLCs as a Pedagogical Tool for Promoting Multilingualism and Multilingual Identity in U.S. Higher Education Institutions. In Dominant Language Constellations for Teachers [Multilingual Education, 50], ► pp. 59 ff.
Andorno, Cecilia & Cecilia Varcasia
2025. Developing metalinguistic awareness in plurilingual classes at primary schools in Italy. Language Awareness 34:4 ► pp. 838 ff.
2025. Metalinguistic awareness across the lifespan. Language Awareness 34:4 ► pp. 785 ff.
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2025. Inductive instruction at beginner level: the contribution of metalinguistic awareness at the earliest stages of adult L2 learning. Language Awareness 34:4 ► pp. 886 ff.
Aronin, Larissa
2021. Dominant Language Constellations in Education: Patterns and Visualisations. In Dominant Language Constellations Approach in Education and Language Acquisition [Educational Linguistics, 51], ► pp. 19 ff.
Aronin, Larissa
2021. Dominant Language Constellations: Teaching and Learning Languages in a Multilingual World. In Policy Development in TESOL and Multilingualism, ► pp. 287 ff.
2021. Are individual differences in cognitive abilities and stylistic preferences related to multilingual adults’ performance in explicit learning conditions?. Language Awareness 30:4 ► pp. 391 ff.
Stępkowska, Agnieszka
2021. Identity in the bilingual couple: Attitudes to language and culture. Open Linguistics 7:1 ► pp. 223 ff.
Goltsev, Evghenia & Stefanie Bredthauer
2020. Preparing Teachers to Foster Multilingual Literacy. In Handbook of Research on Cultivating Literacy in Diverse and Multilingual Classrooms [Advances in Educational Technologies and Instructional Design, ], ► pp. 516 ff.
Goltsev, Evghenia & Stefanie Bredthauer
2022. Preparing Teachers to Foster Multilingual Literacy. In Research Anthology on Bilingual and Multilingual Education, ► pp. 500 ff.
Díaz, Juan Carlos, Sara Aguilar-Barrientos & Heiko Marc Schmidt
2019. Multilingual Education for International Business. In Applied Psycholinguistics and Multilingual Cognition in Human Creativity [Advances in Linguistics and Communication Studies, ], ► pp. 207 ff.
Díaz, Juan Carlos, Sara Aguilar-Barrientos & Heiko Marc Schmidt
2021. Multilingual Education for International Business. In Research Anthology on Business and Technical Education in the Information Era, ► pp. 712 ff.
Rughoonundun-Chellapermal, Nita
2018. Autopsie de l’échec d’un projet d’éducation multilingue. Cahiers internationaux de sociolinguistique N° 12:2 ► pp. 155 ff.
Seals, Corinne A. & Joy Kreeft Peyton
2017. Heritage language education: valuing the languages, literacies, and cultural competencies of immigrant youth. Current Issues in Language Planning 18:1 ► pp. 87 ff.
de la Fuente, Anahí Alba & Hugues Lacroix
2015. Multilingual learners and foreign language acquisition: Insights into the effects of prior linguistic knowledge. Language Learning in Higher Education 5:1
2014. The motivational effects of crosslinguistic awareness: developing third language pedagogies to address the negative impact of the L2 on the L3 self-concept. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching 8:1 ► pp. 1 ff.
2014. Well I Never!: Formulaic Language as a Pragmatic Resource in Child Entertainment Media. In Studying Second Language Acquisition from a Qualitative Perspective [Second Language Learning and Teaching, 27], ► pp. 203 ff.
Jessner, Ulrike
2012. Teaching a Third Language. In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics,
Safont-Jordà, Maria-Pilar
2011. Early requestive development in consecutive third language learning. International Journal of Multilingualism 8:3 ► pp. 256 ff.
Safont-Jordà, Maria-Pilar
2012. A Longitudinal Analysis of Catalan, Spanish and English Request Modifiers in Early Third Language Learning. In Cross-linguistic Influences in Multilingual Language Acquisition [Second Language Learning and Teaching, ], ► pp. 99 ff.
Aronin, Larissa & David Singleton
2010. Affordances and the diversity of multilingualism. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2010:205
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