In:Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching: Historical perspectives
Edited by Richard Smith and Tim Giesler
[AILA Applied Linguistics Series 20] 2023
► pp. 24–42
Chapter 2Tart–scriblita–torta–torte–torta–tortilha: A piece of cake!
Acquiring lexis in R. John Andree’s (1725) A vocabulary, in six languages
Published online: 27 June 2023
https://doi.org/10.1075/aals.20.02iam
https://doi.org/10.1075/aals.20.02iam
Abstract
This chapter investigates R. John Andree’s
A vocabulary, in six languages (London, 1725).
This work was not conceived solely as a reference tool but with a
pedagogical purpose as well; it was based on a comparative method to
ease English native speakers’ acquisition of vocabulary in four
living Romance languages (Italian, French, Spanish and Portuguese)
by showing their etymological similarity to their Latin ancestor –
the fifth language in the Vocabulary – and between them, with English as the language of the entry words. Indeed, by viewing and memorizing Latin and Romance words
together, the learner was expected to acquire them more easily. This
chapter focuses on the dictionary, its method and the author’s
language learning ideas and concludes with considerations relating
to its contribution to innovation in language learning
and teaching.
Article outline
- Introduction
- R. John Andree’s A vocabulary, in six languages
- Andree’s insights in relation to language learning
- The Vocabulary’s macro- and micro-structure
- Concluding remarks
Note on authorship Notes References
References (56)
Primary sources
Altieri, F. (1726–27). Dizionario
italiano ed inglese. A dictionary Italian and English
containing all the words of the Vocabulary della Crusca
and several hundred more taken from the most approved
authors; with proverbs and familiar phrases. To which is
prefix’d a table of the authors quoted in this
work. By F. Altieri, professor
of the Italian tongue in
London (2 Vols.). William and John Innys.
Andree, R. J. (1725). A
vocabulary, in six languages; viz. English, Latin,
Italian, French, Spanish, and Portugues, after a new
method, to shew the dependance of the four last upon the
Latin, and their mutual analogy to each other. With
proper rules for their several pronunciations; and a
dissertation upon their origin, change, and mixture;
besides many other advantages, not to be met with in
common dictionaries and vocabularies. To which is
annexed, a brief dissertation upon pleasure and
pain. P. Vaillant and W. Meadows.
(1729). A
vocabulary after a new method, in six languages, viz.
English, Latin, Italian, French, Spanish and
Portugueze … (2nd
ed.). N. Prevost & Co.
(1737). An
account of the Tilbury
water. J. Clarke and W. Meadows. (Further
editions 1740, 1764, 1779, 1781,
1786).
(1746). Cases
of the epilepsy, hysteric fits, and St. Vitus dance,
with the process of cure: Interspersed with practical
observations. To which are added cases of the bite of
mad creatures, treated after the method of Dr. Default,
with some additional means of my own; Observations upon
the same, and remedies proposed for the cure of the
hydrophobia. By John Andree, M.D. of the College of Physicians in London, and Physician in Ordinary to the London Infirmary. W. Meadows & J. Clarke. (Further
edition 1753).
[1761]. Observations
upon a treatise on the virtues of hemlock, in the cure
of cancers. Written by Dr. Storck, an eminent physician
in the imperial city of Vienna. Wherein the doctor’s
cases in favour of that vegetable are candidly examined,
and proved insufficient to be depended upon in divers
instances. With some practical remarks upon cancers in
general, and cautions interesting to all afflicted with
this kind of
malady. By John Andree, M.D. Member of the Royal College of Physicians, and Senior Physician to the London-Hospital. J. Meres.
Anon. (1728). L’interprète
du voyageur, en quatre langues: sçavoir: l’anglois,
& l’hollandois, le françois, &
l’italien. … Revu & corrigé
par J. Grandpré, … B. Creake.
Behrens, H. (1730). The
natural history of Hartz-forest, in His Majesty King
George’s German dominions. Being a succinct account of
the caverns, lakes, springs, rivers, mountains, rocks,
quarries, fossils, castles, gardens, the famous pagan
idol Pustrich or Spit-fire, dwarf-holes, pits, moving
islands, whirlpools, mines, several engines belonging to
them;Ores, the manner of refining them; Smelting-houses;
Several sorts of ovens, hammer-mills, vitriol and
glass-houses, &c. in the said forest: With several
useful and entertaining physical
observation. Written in German
by H. Behrens, M. D. T. Osborne.
Brerewood, E. (1614). Enquiries
touching the diversity of languages, and religions
through the cheife parts of the
world. Written
by Edw. Brerewood lately professor of astronomy in Gresham Colledge in London. Iohn Bill.
Desault, P. (1738). A
treatise on the venereal distemper, containing a method
of curing it without salivation, danger, or great
expence. With two dissertations; The first on madness
from the bite of mad creatures; The second on
consumptions. With a method of curing them
radically. By Pierre Desault, M.D. and member of the College of Physicians of Bordeaux. Translated from
the French by John Andree, M. D. John Clarke.
Florio, J. (1578). Florio
his firste fruites: Which yeelde familiar speech, merie
prouerbes, wittie sentences, and golden sayings. Also a
perfect induction to the Italian, and English tongues,
as in the table appeareth. The like heretofore, neuer by
any man
published. Thomas Woodcocke.
Howell, J. (1642). Instructions
for foreign travel. Shewing by what cours, and in what
compasse of time, one may take an exact survey of the
kingdoms and states of Christendome, and arrive to the
practicall knowledge of the languages, to good
purpose. Humphrey Mosley.
Nemnich, P. A. (1799). An
universal European dictionary of merchandise, in the
English, German, Dutch, Danish, Swedish, French,
Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Russian, Polish &
Latin
languages. By Philip Andrew Nemnich, I.U.I Author of the Catholicon, or Polyglot Lexicon, lately published at Hamburgh. J. Johnson, J. Remnant, & W. Remnant.
Neuman, H. (1799). A
marine pocket-dictionary, of the Italian, Spanish,
Portuguese, and German languages, with an
English-French, and French-English index; Being a
collection of a great variety of the most useful
sea-terms in the above
idioms. By Henry Neuman, agent,
and translator of languages. Printed for the
Author.
Wilkins, J. (1668). An
essay towards a real character, and a philosophical
language. Sa. Gellibrand and John Martin.
Willson, J. (1794). The
soldier’s pocket dictionary, or friend in need: Being a
vocabulary of many thousand words, terms, and questions,
in general use, and most likely to occur in military
service, expressed in six languages, viz. English,
German, Dutch, French, Italian, and Spanish. To which
are annexed, accurate tables of the coins of various
European nations. Designed and
arranged by Capt. James Willson, of
the Marines. Dedicated to His Royal Highness the Duke of
York. R. Hindmarsh.
Secondary sources
Bach, S., Brunet, J., & Mastrelli, C. A. (2008). Quadrivio
romanzo. Dall’italiano al francese, allo spagnolo, al
portoghese. Accademia della Crusca.
Benucci, A. (Ed.). (2005). Le
lingue romanze. Una guida per
l’intercomprensione. Utet Università Torino.
Berti, L. (2019). An
international master key to the languages of trade: P.
A. Nemnich’s Universal European Dictionary of
Merchandise. Aevum, 93(3), 747–772.
Berti, L., & Iamartino, G. (2021). Competing
methodologies in 19th-century foreign language teaching:
Moses Santagnello (and others) vs James
Hamilton. Linguistica e
Filologia, 41, 13–50.
Blanche-Benveniste, C. (2008). Aspetti
lessicali del confronto tra lingue romanze. Esiste un
lessico
europeo? In M. Barni, C. Bagna, & D. Troncarelli (Eds.), Lessico
e apprendimenti: Il ruolo del lessico nella linguistica
educativa (pp. 47–66). FrancoAngeli.
Blanche-Benveniste, C., & Valli, A. (Eds.). (1997). L’intercompréhension:
Le cas des langues
romanes. Hachette.
Bonvino, E., Fiorenza, E., & Cortés Velásquez, D. (2018). Observing
strategies in intercomprehension reading. Some clues for
assessment in plurilingual
settings. Frontiers in
Communication, 3(29), 1–15.
Cannon, J. (2006). Carteret,
John, second Earl Granville (1690–1763),
politician. Oxford
Dictionary of National
Biography. Retrieved
on 1 June
2019 from [URL]
Coffey, S. (Ed.). (2021). The
history of grammar in foreign language
teaching. Amsterdam University Press.
Colletta, L. (2015). The
legacy of the Grand Tour: New essays on travel,
literature, and
culture. Fairleigh Dickinson University Press.
Considine, J. (2008). Dictionaries
in early modern Europe. Lexicography and the making of
heritage. Cambridge University Press.
Donato, C., & Pasquarelli-Gascon, V. (2015). The
language of the other: Italian for Spanish speakers
through
intercomprehension. Italica, 92(3), 713–735.
Doyé, P. (2007). A
methodological framework for the teaching of
intercomprehension. The
Language Learning
Journal, 30(1), 59–68.
Dzik, D. (2019). Intercomprehension –
A mere dream or a new way of learning in a globalised
world? Politeja, 60, 155–166.
Gibbs, D. (2003). Dr
John Andree, MD (Rheims) LRCP, founding physician of the
London Hospital. Journal
of Medical
Biography, 11(2), 87–94.
(2004). Andree,
John (1697/8–1785),
physician. Oxford
Dictionary of National
Biography. Retrieved
on 1 May
2019 from [URL]
Herendeen, W. H. (1988). William
Camden: Historian, herald, and
antiquary. Studies in
Philology, 85(2), 192–210.
Howatt, A. P. R., & Smith, R. C. (2000). General
introduction. In A. P. R. Howatt & R. C. Smith (Eds.), Foundations
of foreign language teaching: Nineteenth-century
innovators (Vol. 1, pp. v–xlvii). Routledge.
Iamartino, G. (2001). Foreign
words in the kit bag: James Willson’s The Soldier’s
Pocket-Dictionary of
1794. In C. Kay & L. Sylvester (Eds.), Lexis
and texts in early English: Papers in honour of Jane
Roberts (pp. 143–160). Rodopi.
(2020). European
cross-currents in English
lexicography. In S. Ogilvie (Ed.), The
Cambridge companion to English
dictionaries (pp. 58–74). Cambridge University Press.
Klippel, F., & Kemmler, R. (Eds.). (2021). The
Reform Movement and the grammar-translation
method. Special issue
of Language &
History, 64(3).
Knowlson, J. (1975). Universal
language schemes in England and France,
1600–1800. Toronto University Press.
Labarre, A. (1975). Bibliographie
du Dictionarium d’Ambrogio Calepino
(1502–1779). Editions Valentin Koerner.
McLelland, N. (2017). Teaching
and learning foreign languages: A history of language
education, assessment and policy in
Britain. Routledge.
Reinhold, M. (1968). Opponents
of classical learning in America during the
revolutionary
period. Proceedings of
the American Philosophical
Society, 112(4), 221–234.
Salmon, V. (1985). The
study of foreign languages in 17th-century
England. In Histoire
Épistémologie
Langage, 7(2), 45–70.
Schwarze, S. (2014). Il
principio di intercomprensione nell’insegnamento delle
lingue romanze e il metodo
EuroComRom. In F. Rossi (Ed.), La
creatività nell’insegnamento dell’italiano per
stranieri (pp. 19–36). Le Lettere.
Slaughter, M. M. (1982). Universal
languages and scientific taxonomy in the seventeenth
century. Cambridge University Press.
Sweet, R. (2012). Cities
and the Grand Tour: The British in Italy, c.
1690–1820. Cambridge University Press.
