The first question that may come to the Handbook user’s mind when reading the title of this entry is: impact on what? Without any doubt it could be a challenging adventure to look at the impact of translation theory on other disciplines. When other disciplines, like Cultural Studies, start using the concept of the ‘translation turn’ (Bassnett 1998) or when we encounter the Translational turn in the humanities in general, we may assume that translation theory, or translation studies, or translation reflection, is perhaps not entirely without impact in the world outside of Translation Studies. Translation is not merely a productive metaphor; reflection on translation activity can also be considered a “useful tool” for discussing many other issues in the humanities (see Slavova 2011: 454 who refers to Jean Boase-Beier). However interesting these developments are, we wish to make clear from the beginning that the influence on other disciplines is outside the scope of this entry. Here we wish to cover the forms of impact that translation theory and translation studies have on the translation world itself, including translation practice, translation didactics and, last but not least, translators.