Genret, tekstityypit ja kääntäminen [Genres, text-types and translation]

Yves Gambier
Turun yliopisto
Käännös Mirena Väänänen
Sisällysluettelo

Kommunikatiivisia tilanteita kategorisoidaan usein arjen päätöksiä tehtäessä. Kun haluamme katsoa, lukea tai ostaa jonkin kirjallisen tuotteen, luokittelemme sen johonkin genreen kuuluvaksi. Kaikki tieteenalat, esimerkiksi kirjallisuustiede, taidehistoria, elokuvatutkimus, lingvistiikka ja informaatiotiede, turvautuvat genren tai tyypin käsitteisiin. Käännöstiedekään ei ole välttynyt tarpeelta määritellä genrejä ja tekstityyppejä. Eronteko näiden kahden käsitteen välillä ei ole uusi asia ja pysyy edelleen ongelmallisena. Yksinkertaistaen voisimme sanoa, että genret ovat sosiaalisesti määriteltyjä, kun taas tekstityypit tunnistetaan kielellisistä piirteistä.

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