認知的研究[Cognitive approaches]

ファビオ・アルブス &  アンパロ・フルタド・アルビル
Translated by 石塚浩之
目次

人間のコミュニケーションには、常に多様で複雑な認知活動が要求される。これは翻訳 (訳注：特に断りのない限り、本稿の翻訳には通訳も含む。) の本質にも当てはまり、どのような翻訳であっても、翻訳者の作業中、すなわち翻訳プロセスにおいて適用される一連の知識と能力 (翻訳コンピテンス参照) が必要である。これは翻訳に特有かつ関連性の高い認知能力であり、これを習得しているかどうかが翻訳のできる者とそうでない者を分ける。Hurtado Albir (2001: 375) は、翻訳プロセスを認知能力の観点から定義し、これを相互的かつ非線形的な性質を持つ複雑な認知プロセスとし、そこには意識的に制御できるプロセスとできないプロセスが含まれ、かつ問題解決、意思決定、翻訳の方略と手法が要求されるとした。

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